Browsing by Author "Ayiecho, P.O."
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Item Analysis of Six Kenyan Landrace Populations of Spider-Flower(1995) Omondi, C.O.; Ayiecho, P.O.; Coffee Research FoundationThe spiderflower. Gynandropsis gynandra (L) Briq. is a member of the Capparaceae family. Widely distributed in many parts of Africa and Asia (Holm el al., 1976). It is an important source of proteins, vitamins and mineral salts in East Africa (Purseglove. 1943, Imbamba et al., 1977). Medicinal uses of the plant have also been reported in many parts of the world (Purseglove, 1943; Watt and Breyer-Brandwick. 1962; Kokwaro, 1976). Spider flower combines efficient water utilization with high photosynthetic capacity at high temperatures which are the major factors that make it adaptable to areas with short periods of useful rainfall (lmbamba and Tieszen, 1977).Item Evaluation of Sesame Cultivars for Resistance to Cercospora Leaf Spot(1995) Ayiecho, P.O.; Nyanapah, J.O.; Nyabundi, J.O.White leaf spot and angular leaf spot caused by Cercospora sesami and C. sesamicola respectively were monitored in plots of 16 sesame accessions at Siaya Farmers' Training Centre and Kibwezi Dryland Research Field Station, Kenya, to determine the relative susceptibility of these accessions. Increases in percentage diseased leaves and percent defoliation fitted the Gompertz model more closely than the logistic model. Rates of disease increase in inte:cted leaves and defoliation as well as areas under disease progress curves (AUDPC) varied among the 16 accessions. Accessions with larger AUDPC generally had faster rates of disease progress, although this was not always the ~ase. The most susceptible accessions to both diseases were SPS 071 and SIK 134. Accession SIK Ol3, and accessions SIK 031 and SPS 045 exhibited the least susceptibility to white leaf spot and angular leaf spot, respectively and are suggested as future standards for comparing reaction of other genotypes to Ce,.cospo/,a leaf diseases of sesame.Item Popping Quality of Grain Amaranths(1988) Singh, S.P.; Ayiecho, P.O.; Thimba, D.; University of NairobiThe high protein content of grain amarantha seeds makes the crop potentially useful as a health food and a supplement in the cereal foods like cakes, breads and biscuits. The grain, amaranth food products are presently experimented on for use in Kenya. Attempts have been made to blend the amaranth flour with wheat flour to make breads, cakes and cookies.Item A Regression and Path Analysis of Yield Related Traits in Two Populations of Grain Amaranths.(1990) Ayiecho, P.O.; Jain, S.K.; Department of Crop Science, University of California, Davis, CA 9561 U.S.A.The grain amaranths, which originated in Incan Andes and Guatamala (Sauer, 1950), belong to the Amaranthaceae family which has at least 60 known species. They are ubiquitously distributed across the tropical world either as a Ip'ain ill Central South America and Suthern. Asiatic countries, or as a vegetable crop in Central and South America, Southern Asia and Africa (Hauptli et aI., 1979). Among the presently cultivated grain types are Amaranthus caudaIUs, A. cruenlUs and A. hypochondriacus. The grain amaranths are classified as outcrossing (Simmonds, 1979). A recent study by Jain et al. (1982) indicated that grain amaranths have an average outcrossing rate of 30%. 1971; Few studies have been reported in grain amaranths which relate seed yield to other traits except those of Hauptli and Jain (1980, 1985). The objective of this study was to identify potentially useful quantitative predictors of grain amaranth yield. Plant height and seed weight measurements, harvest index threshing percentage, seed—yield: height ratio, seed weight and days to flowering were assessed for their influence on seed yield per plant using simple correlations, multiple regression and path-coefficient analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials for this study were developed from two heterogeneous grain amaranth populations, namely UC87 (Amaranthus cruentus) and U. C99 (A. hypochondriacus). The two populations were originally obtained from Guatemala and Mexico respectively. The study was conducted in the experimental farms of the University of California, Davis. USA Each population was planted in a 34-metre by 30-metre plot consisting of 34 rows during the summer of 1982. Between-and-within row spacing were one metre and 15 cm respectively. Excluding the outer row on either side, the plot was subdivided into 24 subplots, each four rows by nine metres, to compensate for microenvironmental fluctuations. Data were taken from 7 subplots by sampling 20 plants per subplot, giving a total of 140 plants for each populations. Mature individual plants were scored for the plant size traits (plant height, plant dry weight, head length and head dry weight) and seed production efficiency parameters (threshing percentage, seed yield: height ratio, harvest index and seed yield per plant) and 500 seed weight. The top 21 plants, three per subplot, were selected for harvest index. Equal amounts of seed from each of the 21 plants were bulked to form the selected accessions in each population.
