Browsing by Author "Boarer, C.D.H."
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Item Autoradiographic Evidence for the Occurrence of Cell Fusion in Cultures of Theileria-Infected Bovine Lymphoid Cells(1974) Irvin, A.D.; Brown, C.G.D.; Boarer, C.D.H.; Crawford, J.G.; Kanhai, G.K.; East African Veterinary Research Organization, Muguga, Kabete, KenyaTheileria parva-infected bovine lymphoid cells, grown in tissue culture, were labelled with tritiated thymidine. Aliquots of this culture were added to equal volumes of unlabelled cultures of T. parva and T. lawrencei. Smears were prepared from the pure and mixed cultures and examined by autoradiography. Virtually all the cells in the pure labelled cultures had taken tip the tritiated thymidine, and in many cells theilerial macroschizonts were also labelled. Some of the multinucleate cells in mixed cultures appeared to be the product of cell fusion since they contained both labelled and unlabelled nuclei.Item Autoradiographic Evidence for the Occurrence of Cell Fusion in Cultures of Theileria-Infected Bovine Lymphoid Cells(1974) Irvin, A.D.; Brown, C.G.D.; Boarer, C.D.H.; Crawford, J.G.; Kanhai, G.K.Theileria parva-infected bovine lymphoid cells, grown in tissue culture, were labelled with tritiated thymidine. Aliquots of this culture were added to equal volumes of unlabelled cultures of T. parva and T. lawrencei. Smears were prepared from the pure and mixed cultures and examined by autoradiography. Virtually all the cells in the pure labelled cultures had taken up the tritiated thymidine, and in many cells theilerial macroschizonts were also labelled. Some of the multinucleate cells in mixed cultures appeared to be the product of cell fusion since they contained both labelled and unlabelled nuclei.Item Response of the Somali Donkey to Dehydration: hematological Changes(1971) Maloiy, G.M.O.; Boarer, C.D.H.; E.A.V.R.O., Muguga, Kabete, KenyaAdult donkeys, 3 male and 2 female weighing 130 to 180 kg, and 3 zebu bullocks weighing 230 to 300 kg were given hay and water to appetite for 14 days, completely deprived of water for 3 to 5 days at 22° to 40°C and then given tap water at 20°. In addition one donkey was deprived of drinking water at 22o for 24 days and given poor hay to appetite. In the dehydrated animals plasma osmolarity, Na, C1, Hb, packed cell volume, red blood cells and plasma proteins increased. Dehydration caused plasma proteins to increase by 30 to 51% and plasma volume by 6 to 14% in the donkeys. Neither dehydration nor rehydration had any observable effect on mean cell Hb which was 22 pg for the donkey and 16 pg for the zebu. The bodyweight of the donkey deprived of water for 24 days dropped from an initial 148 to 102 kg. Its plasma protein increased from 7.0g to 11.6g/100 ml and plasma volume by 14%. On day 25 the donkey drank up to 38 litres of water in 8 min; its weight increased to 138 kg and by the 3rd day to 146 kg when blood values returned to normal. In the dehydrated donkeys mean cell volume and intracellular and extracellular water fell. Plasma volume was reduced from 9.6 to 6.2 litres. Most of the blood values returned to normal within 24 h after water intake. In the zebus there was little or no change in mean cell volume and Hb concentration from dehydration, but loss of bodyweight was more than in the donkey.-B. A. O.Item A Single Comparative Intradermal Test for the Diagnosis of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia(1974) Windsor, R.S.; Masiga, W.N.; Boarer, C.D.H.Two antigens, one a membrane and one a polysaccharide antigen, from Myco-plasma mycoides var. mycoides were used in a single comparative intradermal allergic test (CIDAT) for the diagnosis of contagions bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP). As it was not possible to produce a protein antigen free from the carbohydrate and since the carbohydrate antigen gave rise to false positive reactions, a comparative test was found to be essential to eliminate non-specific infections. The performance and interpretation of the test are described and results of the test in control, vaccinated and infected cattle are given......Item Theileria Parva: Comparative Infection Rates of Adult and Nymphal Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus(1971) Purnell, R.E.; Boarer, C.D.H.; Peirce, M.A.; East African Veterinary Research Organization, Muguga, P.O. Kabete, KenyaThe tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus is the usual vector of Theileria parva, the causative organism of East Coast fever (ECF) of cattle. When immature ticks engorge on parasitaemic cattle, they imbibe red cells containing T. parva piroplasms. The parasite subsequently undergoes a cycle of development in the body of the tick resulting in the production of a stage infective for cattle in the tick's next instar. It is generally accepted that adult ticks, which have engorged as nymphs on infected cattle, are largely responsible for the maintenance of the disease in the field (Theiler, 1905). However, Reichenow (1940) has suggested that if larval and nymphal ticks are fed on animals with the same level of infection, more parasite groups will be present in the salivary glands of the resultant nymphs than in those of the resultant adults. Reichenow also suggested that a group of nymphs, unlike a group of adult ticks, will begin to feed synchronously when applied to a host, and that the maturation of the parasite can be completed after 72 h feeding instead of 108 h as in adult female ticks.
