Browsing by Author "Calton, W.E."
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item A Chemical Survey of the Waters of Mount Meru, Tanganyika Territory, Especially with Regard to their Qualities for Irrigation(1983) Sturdy, D.; Calton, W.E.; Milne, G.; Department of Agriculture, Tanganyika. East African Agricultural Research Station, AmaniIn this paper are presented the results of a number of analyses of water-samples taken during the years 1931 and 1982 from the streams and minor lakes occurring on the slopes of Meru, the dominating mountain of the district of Arusha, Northern Province, Tanganyika Territory. The work originated in the examination at Amani of a few samples from streams on the south-west of the mountain, at the request of Mr. E. Harrison, Director of Agriculture for Tanganyika, who on the occasion of a visit to the area in December, 1930, expressed the opinion that alkali salts, either originating naturally in the soil or introduced by irrigation, were possibly causing injury to coffee, the principal economic crop of the district. It is common knowledge, locally, that the streams draining from Meru contain "soda" in greater or less amount, but in spite of this they have been employed for irrigation, sometimes on a lavish scale. The results of these first analyses made it clear that a systematic chemical survey was desirable if guidance was to be offered on the merits of this practice in the several divisions of the district, and one of us (D.S., in his capacity as District Agricultural Officer, Arusha) began a series of periodical samplings of the principal streams. The analyses were carried out by another of us (W.E.C.) in the soils laboratory at Amani. At a later stage, in view of the relevance of the whole subject to the study of the volcanic soils of the area, it was decided to extend the samplings beyond the range originally contemplated, so as to include all waters rising on the mountain whether or not they came into question for irrigation. This was done during a circuit of the mountain made by D.S. and W.E.C. in company in August, 1932.Item Dieback of Wattle-A Boron Deficiency(1957) Calton, W.E.; Vail, J.W.Item Mechanical Composition of East African Soils(1943) Milne, G.; Calton, W.E.; AmaniThe object of the present paper is to review some of 'the data on East African soils which have accumulated at Amani in the past few years. The soils discussed include type samples collected on various traverses and reconnaissances, the study of which led to the production of a Provisional Soil Map of East Africa in 1935. The memoir accompanying this map indicated that detailed accounts of the main soil types would be published later. For various reasons it had not been possible to do this, except incidentally in reports and papers mainly of local interest, and now, following the tragically sudden death of the senior author, much knowledge of East African soils is lost. In this, and subsequent papers which are projected, it is hoped to show some of the basic properties of East African soils and the lines along which soil investigation was developing.Item Soil Salinity Related to the Clearing of Natural Vegetation(1944) Milne, G.; Calton, W.E.; East African Agricultural Research Institute, Amani: Assistant Government Analyst, Tangnyika TerritorryIn 1940 the late Mr. Milne visited a group of sisal estates in the lOW-lying country at the foot of an escarpment where encroaching soil salinity had been reporte.d. He left a comprehensive report which is of general interest because it points to a closer relation between soil conditions of upland and ajacent lowland than is generally realized and the phenomenon may repeat itself elsewhere. The conception of a catena or topographic sequence of soils implies that each type in the series is inter-related and affects the other. Here, where the problem centres on two very mobile soil constituents-water and soluble salts-the catenary aspect is important; in fact, without appreciation of it, the appearance of toxic amounts of salt and the possibilities of encroachment or recession are largely unpredictable. The following summarizes Mr. Milne's report. The junior author was concerned with the investigation and was responsible for the analytical work.
