Browsing by Author "Esilaba, A."
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Item Green Grams Production Training and Extension Manual(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, 2016-08) Too, A.; Esilaba, A.; Rono, B.; Bett, B.; Gathambiri, C.; Githunguri, C.; Nyongesa, D.; Macharia, D.; Nassiuma, E.; Odoyo, E.; Wayua, F.; Kamau, G.; Mwathi, J.M.; Miriti, J.; Wasilwa, L.; Wanyama, M.; Waithaka, M.; Otipa, M.; Likhayo, P.; Amata, R.; Ochieng, V.Green grams also known as mung bean, is an erect annual plant which grows to a height of 60-70 cm tall are the more commonly grown in Kenya as compared to black grams. They are common in central and south Nyanza areas, in Machakos and Kitui Counties and at the coast. The two main varieties for the Kenyan market are N26 and KS20 and are differentiated by the colour of seeds. Yellow green grams have bright green seeds while the local green gram seed is small and ripens unevenly. An improved variety (K26) has larger seeds and tends to ripen uniformly, see Table 1. The common names used to refer to green grams are Ndengu or Pojo Ngina. Green grams produces pale yellow flowers borne in clusters of 12–15 near the top of the plant. The flowers develop into cylindrical pods with cylindrical seeds. Pods measure 7.5 cm to 10 cm long and contain 10 to 15 seeds each. Each plant typically produces 30 to 40 pods which turn darker in colour as they mature. The seed colour is in varying shades of yellow to green and black with green and yellow grams being the more common ones in Kenya. The crop is mainly produced by smallholder farmers. However, pests and diseases are major constraints in green grams production in Kenya. Accuracy in pest identification and disease diagnostics are important for proper management of these challenges. It is therefore necessary to build the capacity of extension officers and growers in pest and disease management in order to minimize losses.Item Integration and Dissemination of green Manure cover crops in Small Scale Farming System: Successes and Constraints in Eastern Uganda(2002) Miiro, R.; Esilaba, A.; Sonia, D.; Department of Agricultural Extension/Education, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, UgandaThe Integration of Mucuna. Lablab and Crotolaria into the farming systems of eastern Uganda was studied 1I1 the year 2000. Quantitative and qualitative survey methods of data collection were used with 52 households including former experimenting farmers, and their neighbours. Mucuna, Lablab and Crotolaria were consistently used for 7 seasons, with a mean seasonal use of J 5, 10 and 7 experimental farmers, respectively, The quick restoration of soil fertility on the farms, presence of support technologies like clean cassava planting materials, and the selling of green manure seed enhanced crops use. The use of Crotelaria however, cropped from 34% in the first season to 10% in the last season. Constraints to the integration included drought, labour bottlenecks, and storage difficulties particularly for LabIab and Crow/aria seed. The crops had been adapted for domestic and farm uses, with the women dominating their dissemination. Aspects of non-adoption and dis-continuance of the crops were (raced to poor farmer group management and lack of information. Soil fertility Improvement, sale of seed and size of and were among the factors advanced to explain the integration of crops. Participatory extension can reinforce the existing successes. While an in-depth adoption study of the green manure can be part of further research.Item Intergration and Dissemination of green Manure Cover crops in small scale Farming System Successes and constraints in Eastern Uganda(2002) Esilaba, A.; Miiro, R.; Sonia, D.; Department of Agricultural Extension/Education, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, UgandaThe integration Mucuna lab lab and Crosalaria into the farming system of eastern Uganda was studied int he year 2000 Quantitative ans qualitative survey methods of data collection were used with 52 households including former experimenting farmers and their neighbors Mucuna and lab lab and crotalaria were consistently used for 7 seasons with a mean season use of 15, 10 and 7 experimental farmers,respectively. The quick restoration of soil fertility on the farms presence of support technologies like clean cassava planting materials, and the selling of green manure seed enhanced crops use. The use of crotalaria however, dropped from 34% in the first season to 10% in the last season. Constraints to the integration included drought, labour bottlenecks, and storage difficulties particularly for lablab and crotalaria seed. The crops had been adapted for domestic and farm uses with the women dominating their dissemination. Aspects of non-adoption and dis-continuance of the crops were traced to poor partner group management and lack of information, Soil fertility improvement, sale of seed and size of land were among the factors advance to explain to explain the integration of crops, Participatory extension can reinforce the existing successes, while an in-depth adoption study of the green manure can be part of further research.Item Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Annual Report 2014 - 2015(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, 2016) Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization; Esilaba, A.; Kimani, S.; Ouda, J.; Njanja, J.; Makhoha, S.; Maritim, F.; Kirigua, V.; Maina, P.; Mukundi, K.; Muinda, R.; Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research OrganizationThe Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) was formed in 2013 by the Kenya Government through the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research (KALR) Act of 2013. In creating KALRO, the Government restructured agriculture and livestock research by merging the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Tea Research Foundation of Kenya (TRFK), Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) and Coffee Research Foundation (CRF), into a dynamic, innovative, responsive and well-coordinated system driven by a common vision and mission that contributes effectively to national development, in line with the second Medium Term Plan of Kenya Vision 2030. KALRO comprises of 16 interactive and interdependent network of semi-autonomous institutes situated in different parts of the country each with specific mandates that contribute to the overall vision and mission of KALRO. As spelt out in the Act, the key organs of KALRO include a Board of Management, which is the top body of the Organization responsible for making policy recommendations to the National Government; a Secretariat, which is the executive arm; a scientific and Technical Committee, an independent advisory body to the Board; the Agricultural Research Fund, which is expected to operate as the principle funding arm; and Institutes that carry out research in commodities and value chains. During the reporting period, KALRO had an Interim Management Committee (IMC) gazetted by the Cabinet Secretary Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries on 28th February 2014, whose main task was to operationalize the KALR Act.Item Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Annual Report 2006(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 2006) Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Esilaba, A.; Nkonge, C.; Nyongesa, D.; Wandera, F.; Mutisya, J.; Nginyi, J.; Rege, R.; Ngigi, R.; Kirigua, V.; Mukundi, K.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteDuring the year 2006, the Institute implemented several donor supported programmes. These programmes included the Kenya Agricultural Productivity Project (KAPP); the Western Kenya Integrated Ecosystem Project (WKIEMP); USAID-SO7 Project; the Desert Margin Project (DMP); small grants projects such as ecosystems breeding, legumes network project, conservation tillage and others with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation. A number of scientists won competitive grants to supplement the support from mainstream development partners. Several international and CGIAR centres also collaborated with us in the implementation of key research activities. In the same year, the management continued to commercialize its activities through the Agricultural Research Investment Service (ARIS). This greatly improved the generation of funds, internally. Through these projects and the support we received from the Government of Kenya (GoK), we attained most of our targets in our Performance Contract and the Institute was rated 'Very Good' by the Government. During the year under review, we released new varieties of maize and sorghum to the market. Three of the maize varieties were licensed to the East African Seed Company Ltd. (EASEED), Crop Africa and Olerai seed companies. We posted a list of 10 new maize varieties on the KARI website in an effort to create awareness on KARI Maize Research Programme. It is our hope that these efforts will improve farmers' access to seed and the relevant information on suitable varieties for various agroecological zones.Item Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Annual Report 2002(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 2002) Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Wangai, A.; Esilaba, A.; Nyongesa, D.; Miano, D.; Wasilwa, L.; Mwariri, M.; Kamoni, P.; Rege, R.; Ngatiri, V.; Ayemba, J.; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteKARl continued to initiate activities that would actualise its 10-year strategy as envisaged in 2000. Key among these activities was the development of the 5-year Medium Term Plan III Guly 2003/4 to June 2007/8). This plan was set in the context of the Government's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper for 2001-2004 and the Kenya Rural development Strategy 2002-2017. Several other events were held in the year, notably the inauguration of the Agricultural Research Week in collaboration with the Kenyan research fraternity and stakeholders in the agricultural industry. Through the research week KARI was availed an opportunity to invite interested parties to exhibit their agricultural technologies and products. The week was organized alongside the 8th KARI Biennial Scientific Conference under the theme Demanddriven agricultural research for sustainable natural resource base, food security and incomesItem Upscaling Sustainable Intensification Options for Smallholder Maize-Based Farming Systems in Kenya(2018-03-25) Esilaba, A.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research OrganizationMaize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple food in Kenya used as food, feed for animals and as a source of industrial raw material. Maize is grown mostly by small-scale farmers under rainfed conditions mainly for human consumption in Kenya. According to FAO’s 2008 estimates, average national yields in sub-Saharan Africa are only about 1.4 tons per hectare (t/ha)as compared to the world average of 5.1 t/ha.
