Browsing by Author "Freeman, G.H."
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Item Food intake and live-weight gain comparisons of Bos indicus and Bos taurus steers on a high plane of nutrition(1968) Ledger, H.P.; Rogerson, A.; Freeman, G.H.; East African Veterinary Research Organization; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research OrganizationA widespread assumption of people engaged in animal production in East Africa is that exotic cattle are best suited to conditions of good nutrition, coupled with absence of any climatic stress, while the indigenous animal can manage better in poor nutritional circumstances and under conditions of considerable stress. Studies such as those carried out by French (1940) and by Phillips, Hungate, MacGregor and Hungate (1960), were designed to see if, in fact, there were differences in digestive efficiency and rate of passage of gut contents between these two types of cattle which could, in some measure, account for the supposed superiority of the indigenous animal under difficult circumstances.Item Seed Orchard Designs for Sites with a Constant Prevailing Wind(1967) Dyson. W.G.; Freeman, G.H.Experience at Muguga, Kenya, and at other places in E. Africa has shown the unsuitability of polycross designs, because of the constant prevailing wind. Directional designs are more suitable, and advantage may be taken of the steady wind direction to place all clones an equal number of times to the leeward of all other clones. Lay-outs based on Bose's balanced incomplete block designs for three treatments in a block may be used. An example is given of an orchard for thirteen clones at Muguga, where the basic unit is a long narrow strip parallel to the wind, in which the clones are arranged in columns of three. The strip may also be broken into blocks of convenient size, according to the shape of the site. Keywords: Regeneration \ seeds \ seeds \ orchards layout \ seeds \ dispersal \ wind \ Silviculture \ Winds \ effects \ seeds \ orchard lay outItem Sources of Variation in Leaf Analysis in East Africa(1967) Robinson, J.B.D.; Freeman, G.H.; E.A.A.F.R.O., Kikuyu, KenyaThe largest source of variation in leaf analytical work is usually that introduced by field sampling. The next largest component tends to be that attributable to laboratory handling and preparation, while the analytical errors are comparatively small. When these methods are used in nutrient utilization studies there is an extra component of variance due to field variation, but this cannot necessarily be added on directly.Item Sources Of Variation In Leaf Analysis In East Africa(1967/1968) Freeman, G.H.; Robinson, J.B.D.The largest source of variation in leaf analytical work is usually that introduced by field sampling. The next largest component tends to be that attributable to laboratory handling and preparation, while the analytical errors are comparatively small. When these methods are used in nutrient utilization studies there is an extra component of variance due to field variation, but this cannot necessarily be added on directly.Item The Use of Cyclic Balanced Incomplete Block Designs for Non-Directional Seed Orchards(1969) Freeman, G.H.; East African Agricultural and Forestry Research OrganizationIn a recent paper (Freeman [1967]) experimental designs were described for forest tree seed orchards on sites with a constant prevailing wind. Where there is no such constant wind direction, orchards have usually been laid out in the form of polycross designs, but these are difficult both to construct and layout. Thus new designs for non-directional seed orchards are given here. These are based on cyclic balanced incomplete block designs with four plots to a block. Deigns are given for all those treatment numbers from 17 to 34 where the replication is about the same or a little larger, and the total number of tree!; does not greatly exceed IOOO. The balanced incomplete block design~ usecl here for 18 to 21, 24, and 31 to 34 treatments are new, though other designs for some of these treatment numbers are already knownItem The Use of Cyclic Balanced Incomplete Block Designsf for Directional Seed Orchards(1967) Freeman, G.H.; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research OrganizationThe adaptation of cyclic balanced incomplete block designs for use with directional seed orchards is described, and some examples are given of their use in practice. Where the number of treatments v is of the form 3t + 1 such orchards need only 3t replicates, together with one or two extra replicatesfor pollinator trees only: when v = 3t or 3t + 2, 3(v - 1) replicates are needed, with a few extra replicates for pollinators. Most of the balanced incomplete block designs used are given, explicitly, in the literature, but those for 9 and 15 treatments, for 12t + 4 treatments, t, e 0, and for 6t treatments, are new: the method of construction of the new designs is described. Seed orchard designs are given for all numbers of treatments up to 20, and for those of the form 3t + 1 up to 40.
