Browsing by Author "Ithinji, D.G."
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Item Animal welfare during slaughter and causes of organ condemnation in livestock slaughtered in Eastern Kenya(veterinary Record, 2014) Ndirangu, P.N.; Ithinji, D.G.; Muturi, J.M.; Ireri, R.G.; Kabugi, J.W.; Nginyi, J.M.In order of determine the status of animal welfare during slaughter and to identify major causes of condemnation of edible organs in slaughtered cattle, sheep, goats and camels a croos-sectional slaughterhouse survey was conducted in Eastern region of Kenya, where a total of 11 slaughterestablishments were visited.Item Multivalent Viral Particles Elicit Safe and Efficient Immunoprotection Against Nipah, Hendra, and Ebola Viruses(Springer Nature, 2022-12-17) Ithinji, D.G.; Buchholz, D.W.; Ezzatpour, S.; Monreal, A.; Cong, Y.; Sahler, J.; Bangar, A.S.; Imbiakha, B.; Upadhye, V.; Liang, J.; Ma, A.; Bradel-Tretheway, B.; Kaza, B.; Yeo, Y.Y.; Choi, E.J.; Johnston, G.P.; Huzella, L.; Kollins, E.; Dixit, S.; Yu, S.; Postnikova, E.; Ortega, V.; August, A.; Holbrook, M.R.; Aguilar, H.C.Experimental vaccines for the deadly zoonotic Nipah (NiV), Hendra (HeV), and Ebola (EBOV) viruses have focused on targeting individual viruses, although their geographical and bat reservoir host overlaps warrant creation of multivalent vaccines. Here we explored whether replication-incompetent pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) virions or NiV-based virus-like particles (VLPs) were suitable multivalent vaccine platforms by co-incorporating multiple surface glycoproteins from NiV, HeV, and EBOV onto these virions. We then enhanced the vaccines’ thermotolerance using carbohydrates to enhance applicability in global regions that lack cold-chain infrastructure. Excitingly, in a Syrian hamster model of disease, the VSV multivalent vaccine elicited safe, strong, and protective neutralizing antibody responses against challenge with NiV, HeV, or EBOV. Our study provides proof-of-principle evidence that replication-incompetent multivalent viral particle vaccines are sufficient to provide protection against multiple zoonotic deadly viruses with high pandemic potential.
