Browsing by Author "Kiragu, J.M."
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Item Improved protocol for aseptic collection and handling procedures of bovine blood diet in areas with special contamination challenges for use in tsetse rearing(2010) Mwangangi, D.M.; Kiragu, J.M.; Muchiri, M.W.; Kibugu, J.K.; Mumba, A.M.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute–Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), PO Box 362, Kikuyu, KenyaImportation of blood to support tsetse feeding in Africa is costly and marred by delays, quarantine restrictions and other logistic problems,l while chemical contamination is likely to be encountered in tsetse diet from drug residues arising from treatment of animal diseases in Africa. Further, blood diet collection procedures are not standardized risking the health of the donor animals. We established a blood collection procedure of bovine blood for in vitro tsetse feeding in areas with special contamination challenges that is safe for both donor animals and tsetse flies. Six Orma Baran steers (registered at the Kenya Stud Book, Boran Cattle Breeders Society 2009, Kenya) aged between 12 and 16 months supplied from Kenya Agricultural Research Institute-Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), delivered on foot, ,thoroughly. washed with water using a soft brush (PVC, LG Harris and Co (EA) Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya) to remove possible pesticide contamination, dewormed with 10% albendazole and acclimatized for one week before collection of blood could start. The criteria for the selection of steers were healthy looking animals above six months of age and animals recently exposed to treatment, especially antibiotics, were excluded The animals were confined in a well-ventilated, fly-proof barn house partitioned into eight metallic cubicles each measuring 3 x 4.3 x 2.5 (height) m with concrete floor and wood chippings provided as bedding material.Item Improved protocol for aseptic collection and handling procedures of bovine blood diet in areas with special contamination challenges for use in tsetse rearing(2010) Kibugu, J.K.; Kiragu, J.M.; Mumba, A.M.; Mwangangi, D.M.; Muchiri, M.W.; Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute–Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC)Importation of blood to support tsetse feeding in Africa is costly and marred by delays, quarantine restrictions and other logistic problems while chemical contamination is likely to be encountered in tsetse diet from drug residues arising from treatment of animal diseases in Africa. Further, blood diet collection procedures are not standardized risking the health of the donor animals. We established a blood collection procedure of bovine blood for in vit7'O tsetse feeding in areas with special contamination challenges that is safe for both donor animals and tsetse flies. Six Orma Boran steers (registered at the Kenya Stud Book, Boran Cattle Breeders Society 2009, Kenya) aged between 12 and 16 months supplied from Kenya Agricultural Research Institute-Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC), delivered on foot, thoroughly washed with water using a soft brush (PVC, LG Harris and Co (EA) Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya) to remove possible pesticide contamination, de-wormed with 10% albendazole and acclimatized for one week before collection of blood could start. The criteria for the selection of steers were healthy looking animals above six months of age and animals recently exposed to treatment, especially antibiotics, were excluded.Item Improved survival of laboratory-reared tsetse flies Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) through use of homidium bromide-treated blood diet(2010) Kibugu, J.K.; Mwangi, J.N.; Kiragu, J.M.; Muchiri, M.W.; Ndungu, K.; Mdachi, R.E.; Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, Social Economics and Biometrics Division, KARIHomidium bromide is a broad-spectrum anti-microbial trypanocide likely to be encountered as a violative residue in blood collected from abattoirs destined for feeding laboratory-reared tsetse colonies. We investigated its effects on longevity of laboratory reared Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. Four steers were intra-muscularly administered with 1 mg homidium bromide/kg of body weight and blood was aseptically collected from them between 15 and 30 min post-administration. This blood was defibrinated, analysed for homidium levels, screened for bacterial contamination, frozen and warmed to 37"C before feeding to tsetse flies. Teneral male (l00) and female (220) G. m. morsitans flies were fed on homidiurn-treated diet, and control flies (99 males and 187 females) on untreated blood diet and their survival monitored for 163 days. Homidium, at 266.15ng/ml blood diet, significantly (P <0.05) improved fly survival. We concluded that homidium bromide has a beneficial effect on tsetse, probably attributable to its antimicrobial activity against unfavourable microbes mediated by the drug, and could be used as a tsetse diet additive.
