Browsing by Author "Litamoi, J.K."
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Item Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia: Some Observations in a Field Vaccination Trial Using Inactivated Mycoplasma Strain F38(1989) Litamoi, J.K.; Lujodi, F.K.; Nandokha, E.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre: Divisional Veterinary officeThe efficacy of an inactivated Mycoplasma strain F38-saponin vaccine in natural infection with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia was investigated. A total of 10,000 goats were vaccinated, out of which 400 were regularly monitored for a period of six months post-vaccination. Immunised animals remained free from infection throughout the period of observation. The antibody response was followed using complement fixation and slide agglutination tests. Both tests could detect F38 antibody in the majority of vaccinated goats but the slide agglutination test was found to be more sensitive than complement fixation. The significance of the results is discussed.Item The Effect of Some Climatic Factors on the Incidence of Caprine Pleuropneumonia in the Sultanate of Oman(1992) Litamoi, J.K.; King, G.J.; Njuho, P.M.; Muriu, D.; Kagumba, M.; Muthomi, E.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre, Muguga, Kenya.Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is an economically important mycoplasmal disease of goats with a wide geographical distribution. Apart from inducing cold stress, low temperatures may extend the life of disease-causing organisms, increase the tendency of animals to huddle together, thereby decreasing ventilation. These factors in combination can favour an increased level of airborne microbials, thus increasing the chances of disease outbreak. Dry weather on the other hand, which tends to be associated with more light, reduces the risk of spread of disease because of rapid evaporation and more ultraviolet radiation which can lead to the inactivation of disease agents such as mycoplasmas.Item The Incidence of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in .Kenyan Cattle and the Effectiveness of Treatment with Penicillin and Chloramphenicol(Department of Veterinary Services, 1985) Wafula, J.S.; Wakhusama, E.M.; Nandoka, E.; Litamoi, J.K.; KARI (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute) Veterinary Research Institute MugugaClinical examination of 2.540 cattle in six herds in Kenya revealed a high incidence of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. The disease with varying degrees of ocular involvement was observed in 328 (12.9%) of the animal’s examined. 184 (56. 1%) of the affected animals showed bilateral eye Involvement while only one eye was affected in the remaining 144 cattle. Bacteriological and virological examination or ocular secretions collected from 25 eyes of cattle with the disease resulted in the isolation of Neisseria catarrhal is from all the affected eyes. The effectiveness of penicillin and chloramphenicol ophthalmic ointments in the treatment of the disease was examined. No Significant differences were observed in the recovery rates between the animal treated either with penicillin or chloramphenicol ointments. Recovery rates were higher in the animals treated daily for 7 days than in those animals subjected to three treatments given at 2-day intervals.Item The Incidence of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in Kenyan Cattle and the Effectiveness of Treatment with Penicillin and Chloramphenicol(1985) Wafula, J.S.; Wakhusama, S.W.; Nandokha, E.; Litamoi, J.K. ; Veterinary Research Department; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteClinical examination of 2540 cattle in six herds in Kenya between December 1981 and February 1982 revealed infectious keratoconjunctivitis in 328 (12.9%). 184 (56%) of the affected animals showed bilateral eye involvement while only one eye was affected in the remaining 144 cattle. Bacteriological and virological examination of ocular secretions collected from 25 eyes of cattle with the disease resulted in the isolation of Neisseria catarrhalis from all the affected eyes. There was little difference in the recovery rates between the animals treated either with penicillin or chloramphenicol ointments. Recovery rates were higher in the animals treated daily for 7 days than in those animals given three treatments at 2-day intervals.Item A Preliminary Serological Survey for Leptospiral Agglutinins in Sheep and Goats of Kenya(1991) Wanyangu, S.W.; Angolio, A.; Macharia, S.; Litamoi, J.K.; Odongo, O.M.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research CenterOvine and caprine leptospirosis was first recognised in Kenya by Burdin et al. (1958). Ball (1966) recorded a 12.10% serological prevalence of caprine leptospirosis in 92 animals with the highest titres against serogroups Hebdomadis and Icterobaemorrhagiae. Later, Wanyangu et al. (1988) demonstrated a 4.16% serological prevalence of caprine leptospirosis on Rusinga Island located within Lake Victoria. Apart from these limited reports, there has been no further information on the prevalence of ovine and caprine leptospirosis in Kenya. This survey was carried out to determine the likely prevalences of the disease in these animal species obtained from various parts of Kenya.
