Browsing by Author "Mbogo, S.K."
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Item Immunisation against East Coast Fever: Possible ways of reducing costs(1995) Kariuki, D.P. ; Mbogo, S.K.East Coast fever (ECF) is lymphoproliferative disease of cattle caused by protozoan parasite, Theileria parva (Theiler, 1904) and ransmittes transtafially by a three-host tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Irvin and Morrison, 1987). Due to its high mortality and morbidity rates (Irvin and Morrison, 1987), the high costs of controlling the vector rick (Kariuki, 1990) and the high cost of the chemotherapeutic drugs (Mutugi, 1988), it is of major economic importance (Mukhebi, 1992).Item Immunisation of rabbits against the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus using tick haemolymph. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute.(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1994) Mbogo, S.K.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre, PO Box 32, Kikuyu, KenyaTick naive rabbits were Immunised with haemolymph components from partially fed Rhipicephalus appelldiculatlls adult ticks and subsequently challenged with all the developmental instars of the tick. The results obtained showed that the rabbits were rendered resistant to all the instars of the tick. However, the resistance was more pronounced In adult ticks than in the immature stages. The resistance was mamfested as a reduction in the number of ticks that fed successfully to engorgement, reduced engorgement weights and reduced fecundities. Re challenging the resistant experimental rabbits with all the developmental instar stages of Rhipicephaills appendiclllatus showed that resistance was maintained in subsequent infestations.Item Immunization of cattle using varying infective doses of Theileria parvalawrencei sporozoites derived from an African buffalo (Syncerus caffer and treatment with buparvaquone(1988) Leitch, B.L.; Mbogo, S.K.; Parasitology Division, Veterinary Research DepartmentA Theileria parva lawrencei isolate in the form of a sporozoite stabilate, derived by feeding clean Rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal ticks on an African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) captured in the Laikipia District, Kenya, was inoculated into groups of cattle at dilutions between 100 and 10-3. Groups of 3 cattle infected with 1 ml inocula at 100, 10-1 and 10-2 dilutions were treated with 2·5 mg/kg body weight of buparvaquone on day 0 and similar groups were left untreated to act as controls. An additional group, given 100 dilution of the stabilate, was treated with buparvaquone on day 8 post-inoculation. It was found that all control cattle inoculated with the stabilate at dilutions between 100 and 10-2 became infected, but only 2 out of 3 cattle developed patent infections at 10-3 dilution. All 3 control cattle receiving 100 dilution died of theileriosis, 2 at 10-1 and 10-2 dilutions, and 1 at 10-3 dilution died.Item Livestock Health and Management Following East Coast Fever Immunisations of Cattle in Kiambu(2000) Mbugua, N.; Mbogo, S.K.; Muraguri, G.R.; Sumption, K.East Coast fever, caused by the tick borne protozoan parasite Theileria Parva is a disease of high mortality rate in cattle and the principal disease constraint in Kenya. In smallholder dairy production systems in high potential areas the disease is predominant cause of mortality of animals before they enter their first lactation and thereby reduces the replacement of animals, and thereby the domestic economy whereby cattle are an important asset to be sold at times of financial or social need. Immunisation for the purpose of demonstration of the efficacy of immunisation against ECf was conducted in Kiambu in smallholder dairy farms in 1995-96.Item National Agricultural Research Project KARI/DFID Tick-Borne Diseases Project the Effect of Immunisation against East Coast Fever and Relaxed Tick Control on the Incidence of Tick-Borne Diseases in Nakuru District, Kenya(Kenya Agricultural Research Institiute, 1998) Rumberia, R.M.; Mbogo, S.K.; Wesonga, F.D.; Ndungu, S.G.; Muraguri, R.G.; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteEast Coast fever (ECF) caused by the protozoan parasite Theileria parva and transmitted by the brown tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatusis the major disease of cattle which limits dairy and beef production in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Conventional control methods of the disease rely on regular and intensive use of chemical acaricides to control the vector of the disease. Infected animals can be treated using chemotherapeutic drugs when applied early in the disease. Both of these methods are expensive and have several limitations. An alternative control method which involves infection and treatment immunisation method has proved efficacious both at the laboratory and field level. The method involves infection of an animal with live Theileria parva parasites and simultaneous treatment with oxytetracyclines. The resulting immune response coupled with sub-lethal natural challenge generally protects animals against the disease for life. Currently, this is the only practical method available for immunisation against ECF.Item Proceedings of the Scientific Conference held at the National Veterinary Research Centre, Muguga, 6th - 8th December, 1995(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1995) Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre Muguga; The KARI/ODA Livestock Projects; Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute; Kariuki, D.P.; Wanyangu, S.W.; Mbogo, S.K.; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteSince KARI begun this annual event in 1992, there has been tremendous improvement on what is being presented. The purpose is to tell on how scientists spent 12 months at the Centre as a Scientist. This year, the scientific conference included Scientists from Animal Production, CRISP and from Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute. This is an indication that the Conference is becoming an established annual activity at this Centre In future we shall invite more institutes to participate. For research results to be of any use, they must be communicated to the end user - extension service and farmers. As a result of our training each individual at this Centre is becoming a specialist. This is very important for the development of each individual scientist. However, the Centre, through its training programme does not wish to produce a class of specialists or experts who work in isolation We are all working for farmers who have expertise and certain traditional approaches. This calls for collaboration with farmers (on-farm-research) and other scientists at the Centre and elsewhere so that at the end of day the Centre can produce an integrated package that the farmers can use to improve on what they know. Our research is not about problems but to generate technologies solve farmers problems. The Conference is organized around a number of themes There are 27 papers to be given ranging from epidemiology and socio-economics, animal production, tick-borne diseases, trypanosomiasis, helminthiasis and virology and rapporteurs have been appointed to summarize the status of knowledge and anticipated discussions in each area. They should summarize the gist of presentations and note significant points arising in discussions and particularly any gaps in knowledge or recommendation for further work.Item Support to Research into the Field Application of East Coast Fever Immunisation and Epidemiology of Related Tick-Borne Diseases KARI ODA Annual Report 3 April 1995 - March 1996(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1995/1996) Mbogo, S.K.; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteThe principal features of the year's work were the successful extension of the ECFiM field trials programme into the Githunguri area of Central Province, an unsatisfactory programme of immunisation on KARl farms throughout Kenya, further improvements to the system of delivery of ECFiM, and the production at NVRC of a batch of about 100,000 doses of 'vaccine'. The Final Review of the Project took place in February but several of its recommendations appear unsatisfactory, and it is anticipated that further discussion of the Report will be necessary.
