Browsing by Author "Miano, D.W."
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Item First Report of Ethiopian Tobacco Bushy Top Virus and Its Associated Satellite RNA in Mixed Infection with Potato Virus Y Affecting Solanum betacea in Kenya(British Society for Plant Pathology and John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Kinoga, M.N.; Kuria, P.K.; Miano, D.W.; Narla, R.D.; Wasilwa, L.A.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization ; University of NairobiVirus-associated symptoms including leaf malformation, curling and vein banding, mosaics, yellowing, mottling were observed in tree tomato (Solanum betacea) farms in Kenya. A survey was conducted in four counties (Machakos, Embu, Tharaka Nithi and Meru) and 142 leaf samples showing virus-associated symptoms were collected from 14 farms.Item First Report of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Infecting Tree Tomato in Kenya: Coinfection with Potato Virus Y(Wiley, 2021) Kinoga, M.N.; Kuria, P.K.; Miano, D.W.; Wasilwa, L.A.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization ; University of NairobiThe article discusses a 2021 report on the infection of tree tomato in Kenya by a mix of Potato spindle tuberviroid (PSTVd) and Potato virus Y (PVY). It states that infected trees have the symptoms of leaf mottling and malformation, and veinal necrosis. Also noted is the need for further study if PSTVd affects tree tomato yield, and to identify its other reservoir hosts.Item Genome Characterisation of Two Complete Coding Sequences of Tomato Mild Mottle Virus from Tree Tomato and their Distribution in Kenya(Springer, 2023-02) Kinoga, M.N.; Kuria, P.K.; Miano, D.W.; Kiambi, R.G.; Mollov, D.S.; Grindstead, S.; Wasilwa, L.A.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization ; University of Nairobi ; U.S. Department of Agriculture ; National Germplasm Resources LaboratoryWe present here the first complete coding sequence of tomato mild mottle virus (TMMoV) infecting tree tomato in Kenya. A survey was conducted in three tree tomato-growing regions: Nairobi, Eastern, and Rift Valley. Leaf samples displaying mosaics, mottling, and malformation, were collected and analysed using high throughput RNA sequencing, which revealed the presence of TMMoV in the Eastern and the Rift Valley regions. Two coding sequences, MW537584 and MW537585 were assembled, and the HTS data were verified using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both of these Kenyan isolates were highly similar to the Ethiopian isolate (NC038920) with 97 and 96% sequence identity, respectively. Samples from two farms that tested positive for TMMoV, also tested positive for potato virus Y (PVY), making it difficult to associate the symptoms observed with TMMoV, PVY, or a co-infection of both.Item Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for On-Site Detection of the Main Sweetpotato Infecting Viruses(Elsevier B.V, 2021) Wanjala, B.W.; Ateka, E.M.; Miano, D.W.; Fuentos, S.; Perez, A.; Low, J.W.; Kreuze, J.F.; International Potato Center SSA Regional Office ; Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology ; University of Nairobi ; International Potato Center Avenida La Molina 1895Globally, Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) occur frequently and in combination cause sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD). Many viral diseases are economically important and negatively impact the production and movement of germplasm across regions. Rapid detection of viruses is critical for effective control. Detection and quantification of viruses directly from sweetpotato remains a challenge. Current diagnostic tests are not sensitive enough to reliably detect viruses directly from the plant or require expensive laboratory equipment and expertise to perform. We developed a simple and rapid loop- mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of SPFMV, SPCSV and begomoviruses related to sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV). Laboratory validation recorded 100 % diagnostic sensitivity for all the three viruses. The LAMP assays were customized for field testing using a lyophilized thermostable isothermal master mix in a ready-to-use form that required no cold chain. The average time to positivity (TTP) was: SPFMV 5 30 min, SPCSV 15–43 min s and begomoviruses 28 45 mins. LAMP on-site testing results were comparable to PCR and RT-PCR confirmatory laboratory tests. The LAMP assay is a powerful tool for rapid sweetpotato virus detection at a reasonable cost and thus could serve as quality control systems for planting materials.
