Browsing by Author "Njuho, P.M."
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Item The Effect of Mixtures of Milk and Gruel on Calf Performance(1991) Njuho, P.M.; Odongo, E.N.; Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteSmall scale dairy farms in Kenya account for about 75% of the total milk production' (Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock development, 1983). However, these farms experience very high calf mortality rates (1~20 %) and low daily growth rates « '·300 g) due to poor feeding (Stotz, 1979). This is attributed to the increasing use of milk as a human food, which makes it difficult to spare sufficient quantities for calves.Item The Effect of Some Climatic Factors on the Incidence of Caprine Pleuropneumonia in the Sultanate of Oman(1992) Litamoi, J.K.; King, G.J.; Njuho, P.M.; Muriu, D.; Kagumba, M.; Muthomi, E.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre, Muguga, Kenya.Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is an economically important mycoplasmal disease of goats with a wide geographical distribution. Apart from inducing cold stress, low temperatures may extend the life of disease-causing organisms, increase the tendency of animals to huddle together, thereby decreasing ventilation. These factors in combination can favour an increased level of airborne microbials, thus increasing the chances of disease outbreak. Dry weather on the other hand, which tends to be associated with more light, reduces the risk of spread of disease because of rapid evaporation and more ultraviolet radiation which can lead to the inactivation of disease agents such as mycoplasmas.Item Effects of Form and Method of Phosphate Fertilizer Application on Maize, Sorghum And Millet Growth in a Semi-Arid Environment Of Kenya. I. Effect on Maize and Sorghum(1990) Njuho, P.M.; Okalebo, J.R.; Gathua, K.W.In a study to investigate maize and sorghum response to three types of phosphate fertilizers (DAP, TSP and SSP), uniform crop emergence and rapid growth to maturity resulted mainly from adequate rainfall, evenly distributed over the major development stages (vegetative, f10weringlsilking and grain filling). At harvest, the crops attained the highest grain yield of 2,970 and 2,250 kglha for maize and sorghum respectively. Grain yield levels from banding or broadcasting P were statistically similar for the two cereals, which implies that a farmer may select anyone of the methods for fertilizer P application. Phosphate fertilizers (DAP, BP and SSP) did not give significant grain yield increases, possibly as a result of adequate available P levels in soils on the test site (31 ppm P by Bray No 2 extraction). Moreover, with sorghum, grain yeild reduction from fertilizer applications were observed and the cause of yield depression has to be sought. The differences in performance of three P sources with respect to maize and sorghum production were evident mainly from the vegetative to f10weringlsilking stages of growth. In this period, rapid uptake of P and subsequent high dry matter yield of tops were observed from the highly soluble DAP. But the use of super phosphate (TSP and SSP) seemed to give higher final grain yield. Further studies are suggested in semi-arid areas (particularly in P deficient soils) to establish the economical levels of P application, suitable forms of phosphate and to identify easier and effective methods of P application.Item A Note on the Effect of Yellow Blotch Virus on Yield of Sunflower in Kenya(1989) Theuri, J.M.; Njuho, P.M.Martens et al. (1970) reported diseases of sunflower in Kenya, and described a rugose mosaic disease which they suspected to be caused by a virus. This was confirmed to be so by Singh (1979) who showed that in addition to being mechanically transmissible, the virus was also aphid-transmitted and distributed throughout Kenya, with the highest incidence occurring in Eastern, Coast, and Central Provinces in warm areas below 1500m. The virus was named sunflower yellow blotch virus (SYBV). It induces a more severe leaf crinkling symptom with which is associated plant stunting and poor or no seed set.
