Browsing by Author "Ondiek, J.O."
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Item Efficacy of a Natural Based Product (Wormokill) in Treatment of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep in Kenya(Animal Production Society of Kenya, 2002) Ogore, P.O.; Abdulrazak, S.A.; Ondiek, J.O.; Shah, K.; Animal Production Society of Kenya; Egerton University; Coil ProductsFaecal egg count (eggs per gramme) reduction test was done on days 4, 8, 12 and 21 post treatment, respectively, to evaluate the efficacy of the natural product, Wormokill, in treatment of helmenthiasis in mature Corriedale ewe sheep. Levamisole HCl (Wormicide) was used as a positive control. Both Levamisole and Wormokill were orally administered as per manufacture's recommendation. Wormokill was effective both at 2 and 3-tablet dosage with a reduction of more than 90%. At this dosage, Wormokill was as effective as to Levamisole in treatment of helmenthiasis. Levamisole and Wormokill had similar residual effect at day 21 post-treatment. It is, therefore, concluded that Wormokill can effectively substitute Levamisole under field helminth control during low rainfall season. The choice of the drug should be price/cost-driven and contamination of animal products by these drugs should be emphasised.Item Preferential Use of Sahiwal Bull Calves by Beneficiaries of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Southern Rangelands of Kenya(European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2023-06-28) Agutu, F.O.; Mbuku, S.M.; Ondiek, J.O.; Bebe, B.O.; Egerton University ; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research OrganizationBull service is the most common insemination method in pastoral herds grazing in the rangelands. To accelerate multiplication and distribution of and access to high quality Sahiwal genetics to pastoral communities, development agencies have promoted the use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) in the Kenyan rangelands. However, sustainable use of ARTs is uncertain because pastoral herd owners attach high value to bull calves of high genetic merits for breeding, which is a potential barrier to technology adoption. This study assessed preferential use of ART-bull calves among beneficiaries of the Sahiwal cattle upgrading breeding program that were utilizing OvSynch and TAI protocol in the southern rangelands of Kenya. Preferential use of bull calves was assessed in a choice experiment basing on attributes associated with potential use of bull calves. Overall, the first-choice preference was to retain the bull calves for future breeding (54%) compared to immediate selling for income (44%). This was the firstchoice of pastoralists and agro pastoralists preferred unlike ranchers who preferred selling bull calves for income compared to retaining for future breeding (80% versus 20%). The preference of retaining bull calves for future breeding was higher among women compared to male respondents (59% versus 51%). Second choice preferences were sales for income (58%), breeding (29%), draft power (5%), meat production and cultural practices (3% each) and prestige (2%). Socioeconomic factors had no significant influence on preferential use of ARTs bull calves. The results indicate that high genetic merit bull calves are preferred for breeding, implying that bull calves would be retained within the pastoral herds for bull service. This presents a possible barrier to adoption of ARTs in pastoral herds for upgrading of Sahiwal cattle breed. Policy direction need to invest in Sahiwal multiplication and distribution of bull calves to pastoralists and agro pastoralists. Ranchers have low preference for retaining bull calves for breeding, so it would be best to capacitate them to invest in ARTs to multiply breeding bulls and supply to pastoralists and agro pastoralists.Item Voluntary Feed Intake, Digestibility and Performance of Sheep Offered Straw Diet with or without Urea with Incremental Levels of Acacia Brevispica(Animal Production Society of Kenya, 2001) Nyangaga, J.; Abdulrazak, S.A.; Ondiek, J.O.; Fujihara, T.; Egerton University; Shimane UniversityThe objective of this study was to evaluate locally available feed resources in improving livestock production. Voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestibility, purine derivatives (PD) excretion and live-weight changes in sheep when offered a straw diet with or without urea plus 0, 10, 20 or 30% of Acacia brevis pica forage is reported. Thirty-two wethers were used in a factorial arrangement using a completely randomised block design (RCBD) for 90 days of the experiment. Inclusion of urea significantly (P < 0.01) improved the organic matter (OM) intake of straw. Total OM intake increased with incremental level of A. brevispica with about 40% at highest level of supplementation. Organic matter digestibility was lowest in the control group, increased with urea inclusion and further increased with supplementation of A. brevispica. Average daily gains were significant (P < 0.05) in supplemented group (10.4, 17.4, 24.7 and 35.2 gld for 0, 10,20, and 30% urea inclusion). Urea improves the nitrogen status in the rumen and the addition of A. brevispica provided nitrogen (N) source and also fermentable carbohydrates at higher levels of supplementation. Better responses could be obtained with further addition of energy sources such as maize bran or cassava tuber.
