Browsing by Author "Scott, G.R."
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Item Bovine Hyperimmune Serum in the Diagnosis of Rinderpest(1962) Scott, G.R.A course of injections of infected ox lymph node suspension produced hyperimmune sera against rinderpest in 2 out of 5 cattle at Muguga, Kenya. In the agar gel test, results with these sera agreed closely with those obtained with rabbit hyperimmune serum, except when weak positive antigens were used. The bovine hyperimmune sera were slightly less potent than the rabbit serum.-M.G.G.Item Diagnosis of Rinderpest by Lymph Node Biopsy(1960) Scott, G.R.; Brown, R.D.; East African Veterinary Research OrganizationBiopsy samples, of lymph nodes, of cattle injected with rinderpest were tested for diffusible rinderpest antigens by the agar gel double diffusion precipitation technique. Positive samples ~re obtained on the first to the eighth day after the start of the fever. The highest percentages of positives occurred in samples taken, on the third tv the fifth day. The implications of the technique for confirming rinderpest in the field are discussed.Item Experimental Rinderpest in Red Masai Sheep(1962) Scott, G.R.Current interest in Africa in the role of sheep and goats in the epizootiology of rinderpest arose from the discovery that the aetiological agent of "peste des petits ruminants" was akin to rinderpest virus (Mornet, Gilbert, Orue, Thiery and Mamadou, 1956). The main effort has been serological but supplementary data on the response of indigenous sheep and goats to rinderpest virus have accumulated at Muguga and that pertaining to Red Masai sheep is herein recorded.Item The Growth of Newcastle Disease Virus in Isolated Chorio- Allantoic Membranes(Scott, G. R., 1953) Scott, G.R.The original plan of study __ 4 biochemical investigation of the growth of virus.. In the past 4 years the nutrition group of the Poultry Department of the University of Wiaconsin have explored and developed procedures for inducing deficiencies and excesses of nutritive in embryonatinq eggs., A folic acid analog 4-aminopetyiglutamics acid (aminopterin) was chosen for the study of viral metabolism because . it is asociated with inhibition of the synthesis of thymine and purine bases which, in turn, are necessary for nucleic acid synthesis Snell and Craven,a (195.0) had shown that minute amount. of aminopterin would inhibit development of the chicken embryo, Professor Craven,_ made. their experimental data available.Item Heat Inactivation of Rinderpest-infected Bovine Tissues(1959) Scott, G.R.; East African Veterinary Research Organisation, MugugaInformation on the survival of rinderpest virus in stored infected bovine tissues is pertinent to the problem of the export of meat from rinderpestendemic areas. The literature contains numerous snippets of contradictory information'. The confusion has arisen through the use of thermal death points which are meaningless and fail to express the response of a virus to heat. Accordingly, a fresh appraisal of the effect of heat on the infectivity of rinderpest-infected bovine tissues was made.Item Influence of the Route of Exposure on the Titre of Rinderpest Virus in Rabbits(1962) Scott, G.R.; Rampton, C.S.; East African Veterinary Research Organization, MugugaLapinized rinderpest vaccine is prepared in this laboratory from rabbits previously injected intravenously with lapinized rinderpest virus and the optimal dose in relation to yield has been determinedItem The Isolation from an Eland of a Strain of Rinderpest Virus Attenuated for Cattle(1959) Robson, J.; Arnold, R.M.; Plowright, W.; Scott, G.R.An attenuated field strain of rinderpest virus isolated from an eland (Taurotragus oryx) was stable on serial passage in cattle. It infected zebu and grade cattle, hairy sheep and goats but not pigs, mice, g.pigs and rabbits. The disease in cattle was non-lethal, with mild but prolonged fever, mouth lesions and infrequent, transient diarrhoea. It spread readily, however, by contact amongst susceptible cattle. The strain therefore resembled the attenuated field strain isolated 10 years before in Tanganyika from infected crossbred Ankole-zebu cattle.Item Links between Canine Distemper and Rinderpest(1959) Polding, J.B.; Ruth, M.S.; Scott, G.R.; Faculty of Veterinary Science, Makerere College, Kabete, and East African Veterinary Research Organization, Muguga, KenyaAn earlier suggestion of a possible immunological relationship between canine distemper and rinderpest was confirmed. While passive immunisation with rinderpest-immune bovine serum barely influenced the course of distemper in dogs, the injection of rinderpest virus increased the resistance of dogs to canine distemper. Increased resistance of cattle to rinderpest was not demonstrated, probably due to the inability of our distemper virus to infect.Item Newcastle Disease in the Grey Parrot (Psittacus Erithacus L.)(1960) Winmill, A.J.; Scott, G.R.; East African Veterinary Research Laboratory, Kabete, KenyaNewcastle disease virus was isolated from clinically affected grey parrots. Despite the slow spread of the disease through the parrots at risk, the isolated virus was fully invasive and virulent for domestic fowls and was typed as mesogenic. The virus agglutinated fowl, human and g.pig erythrocytes but not those of cattle, goats, hamsters and horses. The haemagglutinin was a medium elutor and was heat labile, being inactivated after 10 min. at 56°C.Item A Précis of the Characteristics of Rinderpest Virus(1959) Scott, G.R.; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, CanadaA brief review of the disease characteristics, and of the physico-chemical and biological properties of the virus.Item Preliminary Observations on Rinderpest in Pregnant Cattle(1989) Wafula, J.S.; Rossiter, P.B.; Wamwayi, H.M.; Scott, G.R.; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre, PO Box 32, Kikuyu, Kenya. University of Edinburgh, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, ScotlandA Kabete 'O' strain of rinderpest virus enhanced in virulence was inoculated subcutaneously into four cows which were between six and eight months pregnant. All the cows developed clinical signs of rinderpest from the third day after inoculation and shed high titres of virus in their ocular and vaginal secretions during the course of the clinical disease. Three of the cows died of rinderpest on the third day after the onset of fever but no virus was isolated from their fetuses which were examined post mortem. The fourth cow showed complete clinical and virological recovery by the eighth day after the onset of fever and aborted an eight-and-a-half-month-old fetus on the 12th day after it recovered. Rinderpest virus was demonstrated in a wide range of the aborted fetal tissues. Virus was also detected in the maternal vaginal discharges up to 24 hours after abortion. The only gross pathological change observed was a severe necrotising placentitis.Item A Serological Differentiation of Rinderpest and Bovine Mucosal Disease by Agar Gel Diffusion(1961) Darbyshire, J.H; Brown, R.D.; Scott, G.R.; Huck, R.A.The differential diagnosis of rinderpest has been complicated within recent years by the recognition of several clinically related syndromes. These include conditions which have been given such names as virus diarrhoea and mucosal disease, each existing as more than one type. In their more acute forms, these conditions are indistinguishable from rinderpest. Walker and Olafson (1947) have demonstrated that there is no cross-immunity between rinderpest and at least one of these conditions, viz: virus diarrhoeaItem Subendocardial Haemorrhage in Rinderpest-infected Cattle(1962) Scott, G.R.; East African Veterinary Research Organization, KikuyuOf 1, 200 cattle artificially infected with Kabete 'O' strain rinderpest virus 1, 017 died. Of these 20.3% showed subendocardial haemorrhages in the left ventricle and 0.4% haemorrhages in both ventricles. These haemorrhages tended to be present in animals which died during or immediately after the acute febrile stage of the disease. As satisfactory samples for tissue culture and gel-diffusion examinations are only obtained from animals which have died in the acute febrile stage, the author considers that the presence of subendocardial haemorrhages may provide a useful pointer for the selection of samples. -G. DAVIES.
