Management of Biotic Constrains to Tomato Production by Farmers in Bungoma County, Kenya

Abstract

A baseline survey on pest and disease management by tomato farmers was conducted in seven farming communities of Chemsis, Chesikaki, Bukonoi, Namtoholo, Chemondi, Kabomi and Kang’anga’ in Mt. Elgon sub- county. A total of 93 farmers were selected using the stratified proportionate sampling method and interviewed through structured questionnaires. Data collected included demographic characteristics, tomato varieties, sources of tomato seed materials, major pests and diseases management practices, farm record keeping and communication information transfer. The cultivated tomato varieties were Elgon Kenya F1, Cal J, Safari F1, Stricker F1, Rionix, Kilele F1, Rio Grande (Simlaw), Rio Grande (Seed Co), Terminator, Money Maker, Roma F1, Shanti F1, Pamela F1(Agrotec), Ranger F1 and Safa F1. Adult farmers (36 to 81 years) dominated tomato farming at 59% while youths (18 to 35 years) represented 41% of the respondents, 96.7% sourced tomato seeds from agrovets, 2.2% recycled their own seeds and 1.1% borrowed seeds from fellow farmers. The use of synthetic agrochemicals in managing pests and diseases stood at 55.9% and 45.8% respectively. About 16.3%, 10.3%, 7.9%, 4.8% and 4.8% of respondents planted tolerant varieties, practiced crop rotation, rouging, use of botanicals and indigenous knowledge to control pests respectively. Rouging, use of tolerant varieties, scouting and crop rotation were reported by 12.5%, 15%, 1.7% and 12.8% of respondents, respectively. However, 8.7% of respondents were not controlling pests and diseases whereas 3.5% relied on indigenous knowledge. About 14% of the respondents relied on other farmers for information. The study therefore recommends awareness creation on correct use of chemicals and use of safer alternatives. Future studies on the level of synthetic chemical residues in tomatoes produced in Bungoma county are necessary.