Animal Production and Health Division

Abstract

Tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), which are represented by many species in Africa South of the Sahara, are well known for their role as vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis. Control of the disease can be achieved either by drug treatment of the host or by eliminating the vector. In relation to the latter, efforts are made in many African countries to exterminate tsetse-flies. At present large scale control operations are planned in 33 African countries under the auspices of UNDP/FAO and UNDP/WHO programmes. Various methods of tsetse control have been applied so far, including, among others, bush clearing, destruction of larger game and chemical control. Due to various factors, e.g. limited efficacy and serious environmental impact, both bush clearing and game animal destruction have gradually become obsolete in the course of the last decade. However, chemical control has become more and more important and at present insecticides are applied on a large scale in most tsetse control programmes. The present report deals mainly with the impact of chemical control and eradication. The report will provide the following information (1) The present state of knowledge on the range and nature of chemical costs and eradication in Africa, (2) The present state of knowledge on the environmental impact of the chemicals used and (3) Preliminary recommendations for monitoring and minimizing the environmental impact of tsetse control operations.