Annual reports
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Item In-Situ Water Harvesting Technologies and Fertilizer Rates Increase Maize and Bean Yields in the Semi-Arid Katumani, Kenya(Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 2022) Wafula, K.M.; Karanja, N.N.; Karuku, G.N.; Esilaba, A.O.; University of Nairobi ; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)Background. Crop production in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) is constrained by erratic rainfall and poor soil fertility. Therefore, climate smart agriculture mechanisms such as in-situ rainwater harvesting technologies and recommended fertilizer rates would be vital for ensuring food security. Objective. To evaluate selected in-situ water harvesting technologies and fertilizer rates on soil water content and yield of maize and beans at KALRO Katumani Research Center in Machakos County, Kenya during the 2019 and 2020 short and long rain seasons, respectively. Methodology. The experiment was established in a randomized complete block design with a split-split plot arrangement, replicated three times, with in-situ water harvesting technologies comprising of zai pits, ngolo pits, contour furrows and conventional tillage, as the main plots, whereas the split plots were varying rates of fertilizer inputs: Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), goat manure and control. The split-split plots comprised of maize and beans cropping systems. Soil moisture content was assessed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after emergence, whilst nutrient uptake, use efficiency and crop yields at physiological maturity. Data was subjected to analysis of variance. Results Soil moisture, maize and beans yields, nutrient uptake and use efficiency were significantly (p≤ 0.05) increased by in-situ water harvesting technologies and fertilizer inputs. Highest soil moisture content was recorded under zai and ngolo pits and lowest in conventional tillage treatments. Ngolo pits recorded higher maize and beans grain yield. Application of DAP fertilizer increased maize and beans grain yield compared to control. Intercropping maize and beans increased grain yield significantly (p≤ 0.05) compared to sole maize and sole beans. Implications. There is need for promoting a combination of in-situ rainwater harvesting technologies especially ngolo and zai pits with application of DAP+ manure in semi-arid areas where water is scarce coupled with poor soil fertility. Conclusion. Ngolo and zai pits increased soil water retention capacity while application of DAP fertilizer led to increased crop yield and the study therefore recommends their adoption within the study area and extrapolation to areas of similar conditions.Item Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization Veterinary Science Research Institute 2022/23 Annual Report(Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization Veterinary Science Research Institute, 2024) Olum, M. O.; Ndungu, D. N.; Inguyesi, C.N.; Too, E.; Maichomo, M.W.The Veterinary Research Institute continued with its research mandate to generate technologies, innovations and management practices (TIMPs) to inform disease control and enhance sustainable livestock production.Item Sugar Research Institute Annual Report 2022-2023(KALRO - Sugar Research Institute, 2023) Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research OrganizationSugar Research Institute (SRI) is one of the 16 Institutes under Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). SRI has the main Centre in Kibos (Kisumu County) and sub centres in Mtwapa (Kilifi County), Opapo (Migori County) and Mumias (Kakamega County). It also has a testing site at Kikoneni (Kwale County). The Institute implemented various research projects and extension services in five programmes namely: Crop Improvement and Protection; Socio-Economics; Statistics and Policy Development; Product Development and Value Addition; Environment, Natural Resource Management and Biodiversity and Knowledge, Information Management and Outreach.Item Tea Research Institute Annual Technical Report 2022–2023(Tea Research Institute - KALRO, 2023) KALRO - Tea Research InstituteTea Research Institute (TRI) is one of the sixteen research institutes created under KALRO. The institute mandate is "to promote research and investigate problems related to tea and such other crops and systems of husbandry as are associated with tea throughout Kenya including the productivity (yield), quality and suitability of land in relation to tea planting; and matters ancillary thereto". The research mission focuses on the development of appropriate practices for sustainable tea production, value addition and utilization while conserving the environment. Research focuses therefore on development of improved clones, appropriate technologies for improvement of yield (quantity of green tea leaf/made tea per hectare) and quality. This is done through development of appropriate practices for tea production including breeding, clonal selection, correct plant nutrition, optimal crop husbandry methods, crop physiological studies, control of major pests and diseases, manufacture, value addition, marketing and utilization of finished product.Item Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization Non-ruminant Research Institute 2022 Annual Report(Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Non-ruminant Research Institute, 2022) Mudeheri, M.A.; Minyatta, E.O.; Ememwa, I.K.; Wayua, F.O.; Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research OrganizationThe Non-Ruminant Research Institute (NRI) is one of the institutes established under the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act No. 17 of 2013. Its primary objective is to conduct research and offer technical support across the non-ruminant value chain. The main goal of the NRI is to generate appropriate Technologies, Innovations, And Management Practices (TIMPs) that contribute to the sustainability and productivity of the non-ruminant sector. Focused on driving sustainable innovations and cost-effective TIMPs, the NRI aims to enhance the productivity of the non ruminant value chain. This strategic approach is designed to improve the quality of life, and promote equity and wealth creation. The NRI operates two Centres located in Kakamega (headquarters) and Naivasha with additional satellite centres strategically positioned in Msabaha, Mtwapa, Katumani, and Kisii for the future expansion of its activities. Kakamega Research Centre (KALRO Kakamega) is has the mandate to conduct basic, applied and adaptive research on non-ruminants. The centre is committed to achieving enhanced productivity, competitiveness, and improved livelihoods within the non-ruminant sector. Currently, the centre is organized around four thematic research programs, each contributing to the overall realization of its mission: i) Poultry germplasm development, genetic improvement, and multiplication; ii) Piggery germplasm development, genetic improvement and multiplication; iii) Feeds and nutrition research iii) Socioeconomics, policy development, outreach and partnership. In order to address the needs of our stakeholders wholesomely, 80% of the centre’s research and development activities are concentrated around other agricultural value chains such as crops (maize, beans, sweetpotato, cassava, sorghum, rice, finger millet, sorghum), oil crops (soybean, groundnuts), horticulture (fruits and vegetables), forage (Napier, Brachiaria, Guatemala, Panicum), KALRO seed, Natural Resources Management (soil and water management, climate change mitigation), and postharvest management. This annual report is a summary of the Centre’s achievements over a period of one year, and I hope that this will form a basis of disseminating our TIMPs to a wider space. We thank the Director General, KALRO, the National and County Governments, and various donors for supporting the centre in realizing the needs of value chain actors in its mandated areas. We appreciate the staff at NRI Kakamega for working hard during the year to realize these milestones.Item Industrial Crops Research Institute Annual Report 2023(Industrial Crops Research Institute, KALRO, 2023) Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Industrial Crops Research InstituteThe Industrial Crops Research Institute (ICRI) was operationalized in July, 2014 as one of the Institutes under Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) as established by KALRO Act No. 17 of 2013. The Institute has a broad mandate of contributing to provision of raw materials for industrial manufacturing, agro-processing and value addition food and nutrition security for the nation.Item Apiculture and Beneficial Insects Research Institute (ABIRI) Annual Report for Financial Year 2022/2023.(KALRO - Apiculture and Beneficial Insects Research Institute, 2023) The Apiculture and Beneficial Insects Research Institute (ABIRI)Apiculture, commonly known as beekeeping, is a fascinating and essential practice that revolves around the management of bee colonies to harvest honey, beeswax, and other valuable bee-related products. With a history dating back thousands of years, apiculture has played a significant role in human culture, agriculture, and the environment. Beyond its role in providing us with delicious honey, beekeeping is crucial for pollination, a process that directly impacts global food production by enabling the reproduction of many plant species. As we delve into the world of apiculture, we discover not only the intricate lives of bees and their complex social structures but also the delicate balance between human intervention and nature's ecosystems.Item Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute KATUMANI 2022-2023 Research Highlights(KALRO - Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, 2023-07) Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Katumani; KALRO - Agricultural Mechanization Research InstituteThe Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute (AMRI) is one of the 17 research institutes managed by the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALRO). It The institute was established in November 2015. The basic function of AMRI is to develop and disseminate appropriate agricultural mechanization technologies in collaboration with stakeholders to contribute to sustainable improvement on the livelihoods of beneficiaries by increasing agricultural productivity, post-harvest value of crops and livestock products, and conserving the environment. The Institute has both regional and national mandate to carry out research in agricultural mechanisation along the livestock and crops value chains for increased productivity, commercialisation and competitiveness of the agricultural sector. Although the mandate for AMRI is agricultural mechanisation, there are other research activities that include crop improvement, natural resource management (NRM), horticulture, crop health, socioeconomics and policy development, pasture agronomy and livestock improvement, specifically for arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) in collaboration with the Food Crops Research Institute and other KALRO institutes.Item KALRO - Horticulture Research Institute Financial Year 2022/2023 Annual Report(KALRO Horticulture Research Institute, 2024) Njuguna, J.; Ndungu, J.M.; Ngugi, C.; Thuranira, D.; Gathambiri, C.W.; Watani, G.W.; Nyaanga, S.; Amati, G.; KALRO - Horticulture Research InstituteHorticulture Research Institute (HRI) has the mandate to conduct research programmes in support of the National Horticultural Industry in Kenya. These include development of appropriate technologies and improvement, Integrated Management and postharvest of fruits, vegetables, flowers, medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPS), macadamia nuts and beans. The technologies developed at KALRO-HRI undergo adaptive research to render them suitable for specific regions.Item Annual Report 2022/2023 KALRO GeRRI Muguga(Genetic Resources Research Institute (GeRRI), 2023) Nyamongo, D.O.; Mbugua, J.M.; Wambugu, P.; Moi, T.; Muchira, D.; Ndung’u, J.The Genetic Resources Research Institute (GeRRI) (formally known as the National Genebank of Kenya), is one of the sixteen semi-autonomous institutes of the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). The National Genebank of Kenya (or simply genebank) was established in 1983 and became operational in 1988. Its mandate was to conserve germplasm of crop plants and their wild/weedy relatives so as to prevent genetic erosion. With establishment of GeRRI under KALR Act of 2013, the mandate was expanded to cover the conservation of not only plants but also animals, microbes, insects and arthropods. In delivering this expanded mandate, GeRRI has to date amassed slightly over 51,000 (fifty-one thousand) accessions (ecotypes) comprising over two thousand plant species, majority of which are crop plants. This rich collection include materials collected from other countries globally. Currently, GeRRI’s strength is in conservation of plant genetic resources. The institute’s vision is to improve its physical infrastructure and human resource capacity to handle the conservation of animals, microbes, insects and arthropods biodiversity in future. The conservation of plant genetic resources at GeRRI entails various activities namely germplasm collection, characterization, evaluation, regeneration, multiplication, distribution of germplasm to various users and documentation of all the data generated during these processes. The institute also maintains ex-situ field genebanks at various KALRO Centres for the conservation of non-orthodox seeded and clonally propagated plants. Vision: Excellence in genetic resources conservation and use for transformed livelihoods Mission: To conserve and promote sustainable use of genetic resources in technology generation that catalyse sustainable growth and development in agriculture and livestock Product Value ChainsItem Dairy Research Institute: Annual Report Highlights(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), 2023) Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)Dairy Research Institute (DRI) conducts basic, applied and adaptive research with the objective of developing technologies, innovations and management practices (TIMPs) to enhance dairy productivity, improve quality of life, equity and wealth creation. This is in line with the Kenya Vision 2030 which envisages an agricultural sector that is “innovative, commercially oriented and modern”. The institute activities are streamlined to the Bottom-up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA) of the National Government and in line with the KALRO Strategic Plan. The institute creates linkages with local and international organizations in capacity building and demand-oriented research. The goal is to contribute to the growth of the dairy sub-sector through research, technology transfer and utilization of appropriate and sustainable dairy innovations.Item Coffee Value Chain Research Annual Report 2022-2023(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization., 2023) Coffee Research InstituteThe Coffee Research Institute, formerly CRF, is one of the institutes under the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Institute – KALRO. The Institute’s main focus is research on coffee along the value chain. The Institute headquarters is located in Ruiru (Kiambu County), about 33 km from Nairobi off Thika Superhighway along the Ruiru-Githunguri road. It has two centres in Kitale (Trans-Nzoia county) and Ruiru, and subcentres at Azania (Kiambu county), Koru (Kericho County), Kisii (Kisii County), Namwela (Bungoma County) and Mariene (Meru County). The mandate of the Institute is to promote research into and investigate all issues relating to coffee and other agricultural and commercial systems as are associated with coffee and on matters ancillary thereto.Item KALRO - Beef Research Institute Annual Report 2022 - 2023(Beef Research Institute, KALRO, 2023) KALRO - Beef Research InstituteBeef Research Institute (BRI) is one of the 17 institutes created under the Kenya Agricultural and livestock research (KALRO) Act 2013. Its primary mandate is to provide research and development support to the beef sub-sector so that the sector can meet its goals of increasing productivity through utilization of superior genotypes, improved pastures and fodder production for different production systems, improved husbandry practices, value addition and marketing. The institute executes its mandate through its four Centers located in Garissa, Mariakani, Transmara and Lanet. Currently the Institute headquarters is based at KALRO Lanet as infrastructural facilities are improved in Garissa.Item KALRO - Biotechnology Research Institute (BioRI) Annual Report 2022-2023(Biotechnology Research Institute, KALRO, 2023) Mireji, P.; Wanjala, K.; Makokha, S.; Lutta, H.; Auma, J.; Wamwiri, F.; Kuria, P.; Kariithi, H.; Okeyo, W.; Mwirigi, M.; KALRO - Biotechnology Research Institute (BioRI)To generate and promote animal, plant, and environmental biotechnology knowledge, infor-mation, and technologies that respond to clients’ demands and opportunities. This report underscores the significant progress made by our institute over the past year in ad-dressing critical challenges within the agricultural and livestock sectors in Kenya. Through a combination of innovative research initiatives and collaborative partnerships, we have success-fully developed cutting-edge biotechnological tools and solutions that contribute to enhancing productivity, resilience, and sustainability in agriculture. Our research endeavors have spanned a wide array of focus areas, including the development of disease-resistant crops, exploration of nutritional alternatives for livestock, implementation of technologies to boost crop production, the conduct of socioeconomic studies informing agricul-tural technology adoption, assurance of livestock product safety, advancement of disease vector control technologies, vaccine development, and the execution of impactful community outreach programs such as youth mentorship initiatives. These achievements underscore our unwavering commitment to leveraging the potential of biotechnology to benefit Kenyan farmers and the ag-ricultural sector as a whole.Item Arid and Range Lands Research Institute Annual Report 2022-2023(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, 2023) Katiku, P.N.; Bett, C.; Ogillo, B.P.; Manyeki, J.K.; Wambulwa, L.M.; Kuria, S.G.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research OrganizationThe Arid and Range Lands Research Institute (ARLRI) is one of the Institutes created under the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act No 17 of 2013 to drive the research agenda and provide technical support to the livestock sub-sector with a focus on the rangelands of Kenya. The mandate of the ARLRI is to develop appropriate Technologies, Innovations and Management Practices (TIMPs) geared towards increased livestock productivity and sustainable management of landscapes that guarantees living income and quality life to communities living in the rangelands of Kenya. The Institute headquarters (HQ) is in Kiboko, Makueni County and has range grass ecotypes testing sites in Katumani (Kambe Mawe), Buchuma, Mariakani, Lanet and Alupe and Perkerra. The institute does basic, applied, adaptive research and facilitate the use of improved TIMPs in priority agricultural products value chains including beef, goat, range grass and fodder legume hay, range grass and legume seed in order to achieve and maintain self-sufficiency in feeds and food among the rangeland communities. The institute partners and collaborates with individual farmers, producer organizations, national and county governments, international development and research organizations in undertaking its research and technology transfer programs. Through these links, the institute is currently implementing 3 research projects funded to the tune of KES. 19 million for 2 years mainly by the EU, Government of the Kingdom of Netherlands and the World Bank. The main areas covered by these projects are; registration and release of range grass varieties, development of agronomic packages for the grasses, development of beef finishing and dairy improvement feeding innovations, commercial production of range grass and fodder legume seeds and technology transfer.Item Food Crops Research Institute Annual Report 2022-2023(KALRO - Food Crops Research Institute., 2023) Wanyama, J.M.; Ndungu-Mageroi.; Micheni, A.; Macharia, G.; Njugina, E.; Lelgut, D.; Nyasani, D.; Mudavadi, P.; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research OrganizationFCRI is mandated to develop and promote staple food crops technologies in 47 counties of Kenya. The Institute has the national mandate for strategic research for pasture and fodder improvement and has developed the most popular pastures and fodders in Kenya such Napier grass, Rhodes grass, Nandi Setaria and Desmodium. Most other popular grasses in the tropics have their origins in Kitale. The maize programme develops maize varieties for medium and highland agro-ecological zones of Kenya. H614D is the most popular of the maize varieties developed in KALRO Kitale, contributing significantly to food security in the country. The regional mandate covers five counties (Trans Nzoia, Uasin Gishu, West Pokot, Nandi and Keiyo-Marakwet) covering a total of 19 counties of diverse agro-ecology. The major agro- ecological zones (AEZs) in the mandate area include lower highlands (LH1 to LH3), upper midlands (UM4, UM4-5), and lower midlands (LM1 to LM5). The AEZs of LH3, LM5, UM4 and UM4-5 make up 76% of the agricultural land in the mandate region. The regional mandate area covers 1.8 million hectares, out of which 1.3 million hectares is agricultural land. The region has a population of over three million (current estimates). The Institute follows farming system approach to research, extension and training along the important product value chains in the region. This is an inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional approach which involves all relevant stakeholders and embraces participatory problem identification, research prioritization, planning, implementation and dissemination of improved technologies, innovations and better management practices along the product value chains. The regional programmes encompass adaptive research for all agricultural enterprises as prioritized by the regional agricultural stakeholders including priority setting and agricultural product value chain (APVC) situational analysis. The specific activities include; the varietal evaluation, agronomic management, protection and socio-economics of food crops, pasture and fodder, horticultural and industrial crops, livestock, natural resource management and value addition. The Institute’s research objective is to contribute to the realization of KALRO mission, particularly focusing on food security, poverty reduction, environmental conservation with the whole value chain perspective to technology development and delivery. The Institute recognizes the value of all stakeholders in agriculture and has strong linkage with ministries in Agricultural sector, non-government organization (NGOs), community-based organizations (CBOs), farmer groups, provincial administration, seed companies, local, regional and international research institutions and donor agencies. The mechanisms ensuring outreach and partnerships with collaborators and clients include field days, agricultural society of Kenya shows, adaptive research, research-extension workshops, research output publications, farmer bulletins and leaflets, mass media documentaries, Stakeholder/innovation platform meetings where proposals, progress reports are presented by Institute scientists and feedback received from other stakeholders.Item Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Annual Report 2014 - 2015(Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, 2016) Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization; Esilaba, A.; Kimani, S.; Ouda, J.; Njanja, J.; Makhoha, S.; Maritim, F.; Kirigua, V.; Maina, P.; Mukundi, K.; Muinda, R.; Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research OrganizationThe Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) was formed in 2013 by the Kenya Government through the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research (KALR) Act of 2013. In creating KALRO, the Government restructured agriculture and livestock research by merging the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Tea Research Foundation of Kenya (TRFK), Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) and Coffee Research Foundation (CRF), into a dynamic, innovative, responsive and well-coordinated system driven by a common vision and mission that contributes effectively to national development, in line with the second Medium Term Plan of Kenya Vision 2030. KALRO comprises of 16 interactive and interdependent network of semi-autonomous institutes situated in different parts of the country each with specific mandates that contribute to the overall vision and mission of KALRO. As spelt out in the Act, the key organs of KALRO include a Board of Management, which is the top body of the Organization responsible for making policy recommendations to the National Government; a Secretariat, which is the executive arm; a scientific and Technical Committee, an independent advisory body to the Board; the Agricultural Research Fund, which is expected to operate as the principle funding arm; and Institutes that carry out research in commodities and value chains. During the reporting period, KALRO had an Interim Management Committee (IMC) gazetted by the Cabinet Secretary Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries on 28th February 2014, whose main task was to operationalize the KALR Act.Item Annual workplan and budget Kenya Agricultural Research Institute KARI - Naivasha(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 2006/2007) Kenya Agricultureal Productivity Project (KAPP)Agricultural Research Investment Services(ARIS): business Development and Commercialization of Research ResourcesItem KARI Embu Farmers Field Day 1990(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1990) Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteThe Regional Research Centre - Embu was established in 1951 as an .Agricultural Investigation Centre for Central. Province. It has a responsibility to undertake adaptive and applied research for farmers in the districts of Embu, Meru, Kirinyaga, Nyeri and Muranga. It has a commodity research mandate of Early and Medium Maturity Maize, Food Legumes, Sorghum and Millets, Oilseed Crops, Root and Tubers, Forage/Fodder Crops and Livestock. Its mandate research discipline include: - Soil and Water Management; Crop Improvement; Soil Fertility and Management; Weed Management; Plant Protection, Farming Systems and Livestock Nutrition.Item KARI DCRS Annual Report 1992 Naivasha(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1992) Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteThe Dairy Cattle Research Section (DCRS) is situated at the Lower Farm (567 ha) of the National Animal Husbandry Research Centre adjacent to the main road and railway line between Naivasha and Gilgil. The farm is 6 km from Naivasha along Nairobi - Nakuru highway.
