Sugar
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Item The Introduction of Sugar Cane Varieties into Uganda(1935/1936) Hansford, C. G.Item Origins of some East African food plants: Part V(1945) Greenway P. J.; East African Agricultural Research Institute, AmaniSUGAR-CANE, Saccharum o/ficinarum L., Afua Jr Muwa. Research shows that this cultigen* has at least four different species in its makeup and that it originated in different parts of the world. The species involved are Saccharum o/ficinarum, applied to the thick tropical canes and believed to have originated in Polynesia, S. barberi Jesw., thin or' reed canes found in Northern India, S. sinense Roxb., a thin cane from Canton and including a group of North Indian canes, and S. spontaneum L., the wild cane, races of which extend from North Africa as far south as the western shores of Lake Nyasa, although it is by no means common in East Africa. It also extends through India to' the Far East.Item Sugar Cane Smut(1959) Robinson, R. A.Item Sugar Cane Importation(1959) Sheffield, F.M.LItem The Depth Of Planting Rhodes Grass Seed(1961) Bogdan, A VItem A Manurial Trial on Sugar(1961) Clarke, Scott R. T.The results of a trial comparing four applications of sulphate of ammonia,each applied by two methods at two times,are given, and a comparison of the efficiencies of two alternative forms of analysis is made.Item Infectious Diseases of Sugar Cane(1962) Sheffield, F. M. L.Item Sugar Beet Trials in West Kenya(1963) Gosnell, J. M.; Elmer, J. L.; Smith, R. G.A series of 18 field experiments with sugar-beet was planted in the Turbo, Soy, Kipkabus and Nandi Border districts of the Uasin Gichu in 1959/1960. Overall, the crop was not successful, but very good growth occurred at Kipkabus on forest soil and good growth was also obtained on granite soil at Soy, and on anthills. The common factors of these soils are higher pH (>5.4) and calcium content of the soil (>5 m.e.9%). Growth was poor on the common red phonolitic clay of the plateau. Vlei soil also proved unsuitable. Climatic conditions were most suitable at Kipkabus; in other districts, shade appears to be required to prevent wilting. Marked responses to phosphate and nitrogen were obtained; the application of 100 lb. triple superphosphate planted with or below the seed and 100-150 lb. ammonium sulphate/acre as a topdressing is recommended. Lime gave a slight improvement, but gypsum, salt and potash had no effect. Triplex was the best variety out of four tested. Early planting is essential; subsoiling had no effect where deep ploughing had been carried out.Item Cordyceps Barnsii Thw, a Fungal Parasite of White Grub in Sugarcane(1966) Hocking, D.; Tropical Pesticides Researcb Institute, Arusba, TanzaniaWhite grub, the larva of the cockchafer, (Cochliotis Melolonthoides) Gerst, is the major pest of sugar cane at the Tanganyika Planting Company’s irrigated estate at Arusha Chini. Although it is not known as a serious pest elsewhere, other similar estates have not been in existence long enough or have not sufficient records for a build-up to occur or be noticed.Item Hemicycliophora Nyanzae N. Sp. Found in East Africa with a Key to the Species of Hemicycliophora De Man, 1921(1967) Wolff Schoemaker, R.L.P.; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research Organization, Kikuyu, KenyaHemicycliophora nyanzae n.sp. is described. This species was found in a sandy clay loam in a sugarcane field in Nyanza Province, Kenya. H. nyanzae is distinguished from all species in the genus except H. penetrans by having 2 lateral lines as well as longitudinal lines on the sheath; it differs from H. penetrans in haying fewer annules and being shorter. Based on literature studies a key to the species of Hemicycliophora is devised, making the least possible use of the tail shape.Item Applying Insecticide to Control Soil Pests in Irrigated Sugar-Cane(1967) Leather, T H; Bumett, G FItem Varietal Resistance to Sugar Cane Smut in Kenya(1967) Waller, J. M.Item A note on carbon dioxide profiles in canopies of mature tea and sugar cane in Uganda(1970) Wangati, F. J.; Parish, D.H.; East African Agricultural and Forestry Research Organisation, Muguga, KenyaMeasurements of carbon dioxide concentrations were made at three heights, two inside and one above tea and sugar-cane plantations in Uganda, using an infra-red gas analyser. No systematic difference in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere above and within the tea canopy was observed. There was a large diurnal variation in CO2 concentration above sugar-cane, but the maximum drop in CO2 concentration in the top 30 cm. of the canopy was 25 p.p.m. below atmospheric. The CO2 profiles obtained over sugar-cane were similar to those observed in tall grass and beans (Monteith, 1962) and in corn (Lemon, 1960).Item Inducement of Yellow Wilt Symptoms of Sugarcane Under Controlled Conditions(1971) De L. Inniss, B.; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research OrganizationTypical yellow wilt symptoms of sugar-cane were induced under controlled conditions simulating a high-water table. When high water tables were maintained for long periods, recovery took place: the plants appeared to adapt to these conditions and subsequently produced healthy roots in the waterlogged environment. Under conditions of the experiment, recovery and resumption of normal growth were rapid when high water tables were removed.Item Sugar-Cane Diseases of Potential Importance in East Africa(1971) Rogers, P. F.Four major diseases of sugar-cane are at present found in Southern Africa, Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands and are of potential importance in East Africa. The diseases are leaf scald, gumming disease, chlorotic streak and Fiji Disease. Exclusion of the diseases from East Africa depends on effective plant quarantine procedures and on the observance of import regulations. The control of outbreaks is discussed with reference to short- and long-term measures. The former consist of attempts to eradicate the pathogen with attempts at isolation should this fail. Long-term measures involve chemical and cultural control practices where these are known to be effective, together with the use of resistant varieties.Item A Survey of Sugar Disease and Pests in East Africa(1972) Rogers, P. F.; Simbwa-Bunnya, M.N.; Kedemi, R.MA survey of sugar-cane diseases and pests in East Africa carried out in 1970 indicated that brown spot (Cercospora longipes Butler)and culmicolous smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) are the major diseases and that white stem scale (Aulacaspis tegalensis (Zehntner), pink mealy bug (Saccharicoccus sacchari Ckll.) and cane stem borer (Eldana saccharina Wlk.), the major pests. Mosaic (sugar-cane mosaic virus), red stripe (Xanthomonas rubrilineans (Lee et al.) Starr et Burkh.) and pokkah boeng (Gibberella moniliformis (Sheldon) Wineland) were recorded but were not considered to be important. Marked differences in incidence of diseases and pests were shown in the six geographically distinct areas surveyed. Methods used to produce a yield loss index for diseases estimated and pests (9.5 per cent and 6.0 per cent loss respectively) are described. Regular surveys are suggested as useful monitors of changes in diseases and pests levels which at present are fairly low.Item Proposed South Nyanza Sugar Project Kenya Investigation Phase I HM(The Mehta Group Limited, 1972/1973) KSS Ministry of Agriculture; Ministry of AgricultureThe Republic of Kenya is situated astride equator and extends from latitude 4º to 4º5 and longitude from 340 E to 41º E. It has a total area of about 224, 960 square miles. It is bordered on the north by Ethiopia and Sudan, on the south by Tanzania, on the west by Uganda and on the east by the Indian Ocean and Somalia. The two most important rivers, the Tana and Galana rise in the eastern high lands and flow southeast to the Indian Ocean. The western high lands generally drain into Lake Victoria through the Nzola, Yala, Mara and Nyando rivers. The river Ewaso Ng'iro drains southern portion of eastern high lands into Lake Victoria.Item Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugar-Cane In Kenya(1973) Early, M. P.Results of four trials in sugar-cane growing areas of Kenya confirm a previous report of the presence of a disease similar to Ratoon stunting disease, Estimates of yield loss in the major variety C042l were between 17 and 21 percent at Mumias and approximately 4 percent at Ramisi; percentage loss of available pol was 22.8 at Mumias. Cane yield and available pol losses in variety NC0293 were not significant. It is recommended that known methods of RSD control be applied routinely on estates and that research on varietal resistance and yield losses be continued.Item A Preliminary Report on the Suitability of the area of Busia District for Sugar Cane Development, 1975(Ministry of Agriculture, 1975) Mbuvi, J.P.; Ministry of AgricultureBusia is one of the districts in the Western Province of Kenya bordering Uganda and stretching southwards to L. Victoria (see fig. 1). It covers an area of 1629 sq. km. and a population of 174.2 thousand (1969 census). The majority of the inhabitants are Luhyas and Teso. Communication in the district as revealed in fig. J is mainly by road. The only tarmac roads are those from Kisumu to Busia and from Bungoma to Tororo. The railway to Tororo in Uganda passes through the northern part of the district through Kalaba. The road from Mumias to Busia through Nambale is impassable during the rainy season because of unstable surface. In order to direct attention to possible sites for sugar cane development a prior examination of several factors including climate, natural water resources, accessability, centrality of the site and soil quality were considered. Only the Sio and Walatsi rivers are conveniently situated to facilitate a sugar cane development which may command a large area of land within Busia District. Moreover, the rainfall (see the data in brackets in fig. 1) in the area bordering these two rivers seems to be the best for the District. The area indicated in fig. 2 was therefore selected for field study.
