Sugar
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Item Applying Insecticide to Control Soil Pests in Irrigated Sugar-Cane(1967) Leather, T H; Bumett, G FItem Assessment of Profitability in Sugarcane Production Using Cost Benefit Analysis and Net Present Value Techniques in Kenya(2013) Wawire, N.W.O; Ouma, V.O; Kenya Sugar Research FoundationData on input levels, costs and output have been limited hence no accurate information on profitability of sugarcane farming in Kenya. This study sought to determine input levels, costs and profitability of sugarcane farming in Kenya using a model farm-Kibos and farmers practice in Nyando zone. The study was carried out at the Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) farm Kibos from 2004-2009. Two varieties (N14 and Ken 82-216) were planted on a one hectare plot and managed through research recommendations. Input and output data (input levels, costs, output and prices on three harvests (plant crop and two ratoons) were recorded on pre-designed datasheet. Comparative data on the Nyando zone (farmers practice) was sourced from the KESREF sugarcane database. Economic techniques were used in and the performance of economic analysis: the Cost benefit analysis (CBA) or the benefit cost ratios (B/C) and net present value (NPV) in the determination of profitability of sugarcane farming.Item Assessment of Profitability in Sugarcane Production using Cost Benefit Analysis and Net Present Value Techniques in Kenya(2013) Wawire, N.W.O.; Ouma, V.O.; Kenya Sugar Research Foundation, P.O Box 44-40100 Kisumu-KenyaData on input levels, costs and output have been limited hence no accurate information on profitability of sugarcane farming in Kenya. This study sought to determine input levels, costs and profitability of sugarcane farming in Kenya using a model farm-Kibos and farmers practice in Nyando zone. The study was carried out at the Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) farm Kibos from 2004-2009. Two varieties (N14 and Ken 82-216) were planted on a one-hectare plot and managed through research recommendations. Input and output data (input levels, costs, output and prices on three harvests (plant crop and two ratoons) were recorded on pre-designed datasheet. Comparative data on the Nyando zone (farmers practice) was sourced from the KESREF sugarcane database. Economic techniques were used in and the performance of economic analysis: the Cost benefit analysis (CBA) or the benefit cost ratios (B/C) and net present value (NPV) in the determination of profitability of sugarcane farming. The findings showed that the overall crop cycle realized 284 tons ons in the model farm which was better than Nyando at 210 tons, giving 35% difference. The CBA showed that the cumulative cane production cost and net benefit added up to KES 329,089 and KES 294,311 respectively, while for the model farm the Nyando Zone had an overall cost of cane production of KES 242,362 and a net return of KES 167,138. When net benefits for the two sites were compared there was a difference of KES 127,173 (76%). The B/C ratios were greater than one in both cases: 1.89 in Model farm and 1.69 in Nyando, an indication of better performance of the model farm. The NPV results for the model farm on the entire crop cycle showed that the returns were KES 173,648 after a five-year period. discounting as compared to the initial value of KES 294,311 and KES 132, 998 after discounting from KES 167,138 in Nyando. The CBA and NPV techniques are equally important in analyzing profitability and should be used in complementarities as NPV incorporates the CBA. In order for the farmers to exploit the existing potential and maximize on their profits there is need for proper knowledge of optimal utilization ef resources, suitable choice of variety and adoption of cost reduction techniques (e.g. self cane development/financing) to lower cost/interests/fees on farm inputs. There is need for farmers to diversify their enterprises by including short term crops (e.g. beans) for quick proceeds while waiting for cane income which starts coming in two years.Item Cordyceps Barnsii Thw, a Fungal Parasite of White Grub in Sugarcane(1966) Hocking, D.; Tropical Pesticides Researcb Institute, Arusba, TanzaniaWhite grub, the larva of the cockchafer, (Cochliotis Melolonthoides) Gerst, is the major pest of sugar cane at the Tanganyika Planting Company’s irrigated estate at Arusha Chini. Although it is not known as a serious pest elsewhere, other similar estates have not been in existence long enough or have not sufficient records for a build-up to occur or be noticed.Item The Depth Of Planting Rhodes Grass Seed(1961) Bogdan, A VItem Disappearance of Residual Fen valerate from Sugarcane Trash as Affected by Trash Placement in Soil(1985) Smith, S.; Willis, G.H.In laboratory study, we characterized the disappearance of residual fenvalerate [(R8)-a-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (R8)-2- (4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate) from sugarcane trash as affected by trash placement in soil. There was no preferential disappearance of either enantiomeric pair of optical isomers (RR, 88). Total fen valerate recovery after 12 wk of incubation in the dark at -0.3 bar water potential under CO2-free air was about 46, 41, 58, 63, and 14%, respectively, for the soil only, trash-only, surface-applied, incorporated, and layered soil/sugarcane trash treatments. Fenvalerate disappearance appeared to be a microbial process in all treatments and, in the latter three treatments, to be directly related to the level of microbial activity as measured by total respiratory CO2 evolution.Item The effect of gibberellic acid and indoleacetic acid on sugarcane development with particular reference to pollen viability.(1977) Kasembe, J. N. R.; Deborah, D. S.The effects of two plant growth hormones, Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Indoleacetic Acid (IAA), on growth and pollen fertility in sugar-cane (Var. Co 421) have been investigated. Pollen fertility was assessed by the Standard Staining methods and pollen germination in vitro. Gibberellic Acid caused stem elongation, delayed arrow emergence and lowered pollen fertility. 200 ppm was found to be the optimum concentration. This acid did not have any effect on brix. IAA, in contrast, had no effect on stem elongation but hastened arrow emergence and promoted pollen fertility. 100 ppm was found to be the optimums concentration in causing an increase in pollen fertility. However, it also had no effect on brix. Pollen staining (as an indicator of maleness) and pollen germination in vitro (as indicator of viability) showed a significant positive cor-relation (r=0.92). Brix and pollen viability in contrast did not show a significant correlation (r=0.09).Item Hemicycliophora Nyanzae N. Sp. Found in East Africa with a Key to the Species of Hemicycliophora De Man, 1921(1967) Wolff Schoemaker, R.L.P.; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research Organization, Kikuyu, KenyaHemicycliophora nyanzae n.sp. is described. This species was found in a sandy clay loam in a sugarcane field in Nyanza Province, Kenya. H. nyanzae is distinguished from all species in the genus except H. penetrans by having 2 lateral lines as well as longitudinal lines on the sheath; it differs from H. penetrans in haying fewer annules and being shorter. Based on literature studies a key to the species of Hemicycliophora is devised, making the least possible use of the tail shape.Item Inducement of Yellow Wilt Symptoms of Sugarcane Under Controlled Conditions(1971) De L. Inniss, B.; East African Agriculture and Forestry Research OrganizationTypical yellow wilt symptoms of sugar-cane were induced under controlled conditions simulating a high-water table. When high water tables were maintained for long periods, recovery took place: the plants appeared to adapt to these conditions and subsequently produced healthy roots in the waterlogged environment. Under conditions of the experiment, recovery and resumption of normal growth were rapid when high water tables were removed.Item Infectious Diseases of Sugar Cane(1962) Sheffield, F. M. L.Item The Introduction of Sugar Cane Varieties into Uganda(1935/1936) Hansford, C. G.Item A Manurial Trial on Sugar(1961) Clarke, Scott R. T.The results of a trial comparing four applications of sulphate of ammonia,each applied by two methods at two times,are given, and a comparison of the efficiencies of two alternative forms of analysis is made.Item A note on carbon dioxide profiles in canopies of mature tea and sugar cane in Uganda(1970) Wangati, F. J.; Parish, D.H.; East African Agricultural and Forestry Research Organisation, Muguga, KenyaMeasurements of carbon dioxide concentrations were made at three heights, two inside and one above tea and sugar-cane plantations in Uganda, using an infra-red gas analyser. No systematic difference in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere above and within the tea canopy was observed. There was a large diurnal variation in CO2 concentration above sugar-cane, but the maximum drop in CO2 concentration in the top 30 cm. of the canopy was 25 p.p.m. below atmospheric. The CO2 profiles obtained over sugar-cane were similar to those observed in tall grass and beans (Monteith, 1962) and in corn (Lemon, 1960).Item Origins of some East African food plants: Part V(1945) Greenway P. J.; East African Agricultural Research Institute, AmaniSUGAR-CANE, Saccharum o/ficinarum L., Afua Jr Muwa. Research shows that this cultigen* has at least four different species in its makeup and that it originated in different parts of the world. The species involved are Saccharum o/ficinarum, applied to the thick tropical canes and believed to have originated in Polynesia, S. barberi Jesw., thin or' reed canes found in Northern India, S. sinense Roxb., a thin cane from Canton and including a group of North Indian canes, and S. spontaneum L., the wild cane, races of which extend from North Africa as far south as the western shores of Lake Nyasa, although it is by no means common in East Africa. It also extends through India to' the Far East.Item The Performance of Some East African-Bred Sugar Cane Varieties at Different Plant Populations(1994) Sewaya, F.M. ; Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute, Kampala, UgandaThis study was conducted at Kakira Sugar Works (1985 Ltd.) Jinja, Uganda. Six East African 1969 series of sugar cane and commercial variety Co 421 (as a check) were planted in a mother nursery (Nursery" A") in Kabyaza Block G 5. The EA series were: EA (T) 69-02, EA (T) 69-06, EA (K) 69-39, EA (K) 69-51, EA (U) 69-63 and EA (U) 69-65. These clones were bred in the East African Sugar-cane Breeding Station, Kibaha, Tanzania, and were released for further testing in Kenya and Uganda in 1969 (Kasembe, 1970, 1974 and 1975).Item THe PERFORMANCE OF SOME EAST AFRICAN-BRED SUGARCANEVARIETIES AT DIFFERENT PLANT POPULATIO(1994) Frederick, M. S.Item A Preliminary Report on the Suitability of the area of Busia District for Sugar Cane Development, 1975(Ministry of Agriculture, 1975) Mbuvi, J.P.; Ministry of AgricultureBusia is one of the districts in the Western Province of Kenya bordering Uganda and stretching southwards to L. Victoria (see fig. 1). It covers an area of 1629 sq. km. and a population of 174.2 thousand (1969 census). The majority of the inhabitants are Luhyas and Teso. Communication in the district as revealed in fig. J is mainly by road. The only tarmac roads are those from Kisumu to Busia and from Bungoma to Tororo. The railway to Tororo in Uganda passes through the northern part of the district through Kalaba. The road from Mumias to Busia through Nambale is impassable during the rainy season because of unstable surface. In order to direct attention to possible sites for sugar cane development a prior examination of several factors including climate, natural water resources, accessability, centrality of the site and soil quality were considered. Only the Sio and Walatsi rivers are conveniently situated to facilitate a sugar cane development which may command a large area of land within Busia District. Moreover, the rainfall (see the data in brackets in fig. 1) in the area bordering these two rivers seems to be the best for the District. The area indicated in fig. 2 was therefore selected for field study.Item Proposed South Nyanza Sugar Project Kenya Investigation Phase I HM(The Mehta Group Limited, 1972/1973) KSS Ministry of Agriculture; Ministry of AgricultureThe Republic of Kenya is situated astride equator and extends from latitude 4º to 4º5 and longitude from 340 E to 41º E. It has a total area of about 224, 960 square miles. It is bordered on the north by Ethiopia and Sudan, on the south by Tanzania, on the west by Uganda and on the east by the Indian Ocean and Somalia. The two most important rivers, the Tana and Galana rise in the eastern high lands and flow southeast to the Indian Ocean. The western high lands generally drain into Lake Victoria through the Nzola, Yala, Mara and Nyando rivers. The river Ewaso Ng'iro drains southern portion of eastern high lands into Lake Victoria.Item Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugar-Cane In Kenya(1973) Early, M. P.Results of four trials in sugar-cane growing areas of Kenya confirm a previous report of the presence of a disease similar to Ratoon stunting disease, Estimates of yield loss in the major variety C042l were between 17 and 21 percent at Mumias and approximately 4 percent at Ramisi; percentage loss of available pol was 22.8 at Mumias. Cane yield and available pol losses in variety NC0293 were not significant. It is recommended that known methods of RSD control be applied routinely on estates and that research on varietal resistance and yield losses be continued.Item Review Of Kenyan Agricultural Research Vol 18 Sugar(Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, 1996) Osoro, M.O.These reviews have been produced as part of the Kenya Agricultural Research Database Project was funded by the Netherlands government from 1992 to 1995. The aim of the project was to document all Investigations and research related to agriculture in Kenya undertaken since the end of the last century, especially those items that had not been published. The computerized database now contains around 40,000 records, most of which contain abstracts or summaries, full bibliographic details, and information about where the documents can be found. We are conscious, however, that many items have not yet been included, especially the earlier material and many consultancy reports produced by the foreign and international donor, development, and research organisations. Specialists who read the reviews may be aware of important topics which have been omitted by the reviewer. If this is the case, we would ask that both the reviewer and KARl's Library and Information Services be informed so that the topic can be included in future revisions. Constant update will be required as new research information becomes available with the National Agricultural Research System in Kenya.
